Epiphysan
Epiphysan was a pharmaceutical extract from the pineal gland of young cattle that was initially produced to suppress the rut . Between 1954 and 1987 it played an inglorious role in therapy in the children's observation station in Innsbruck .
composition
Epiphysan consisted of 0.1 g fresh pineal gland of young cattle and 3.3 mg parahydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester , as a stabilizer, in aqueous solution per 1 ml. It was used as Epiphysan Disperga as 1 ml ampoules (approval number 2582) and in 5 ml ampoules, as well Registered linguistic tablets for animals. Disperga was the selling company based in Vienna. It was listed in the pharmacy list of goods until October 1, 1996. A delivery stop already took place on September 1, 1994. However, the approval was not revoked until April 10, 2000. The dose was from 1 ml up to 5 ml daily.
application
The preparation was developed for the treatment of cattle (rut suppression) and from the 1950s it was also used in humans for the indication “hypersexual disorder”. Due to long-term use, the gonads ( gonads ) became stunted ( atrophy ) in several cases .
history
The preparation was developed for veterinary medicine in the late 1930s and also approved for human medicine after the Second World War . The director, Maria Nowak-Vogl, used the preparation frequently, especially in the child observation station of the medical faculty of the University of Innsbruck , which later became the Medical University of Innsbruck . She reported 2000 cases that had been "treated" in 15 years. Children were treated who, according to the moral standards of the time and the view of educators, showed “abnormal sexual behavior”. It was not until 2013 that a commission of experts was set up to denounce the use of the Epiphysan preparation in addition to abuse.
literature
- Günther Sperk, Elisabeth Dietrich-Daum, Michaela Ralser, Horst Schreiber, Patricia Gerstgrasser, Anna Katharina Purtscher-Penz, Ernst Berger, Daniela Laichner, Barbara Hoffmann, Elisabeth Dietrich-Daum, Isabelle Stummvoll: Report of the Medical-Historical Expert Commission : The Innsbruck Child Observation Station by Maria Nowak-Vogl . PDF November 11, 2013.
- Hans Hellhammer: The influence of Epiphysan, castration and of male sex hormones in female animals and of female sex hormones in male animals on body development and cartilage in young dogs. Hanover, veterinarian Hochsch., Diss. 1939.
- Max Süß: Attempts with "Epiphysan" to suppress heat in milking cows. Berlin, Univ., Diss. 1944.
Individual evidence
- ^ Report of the expert commission of the Medical University of Innsbruck: 62.
- ^ Report of the expert commission of the Medical University of Innsbruck: 61.
- ↑ "Excessive Sexual Acts"; "Marginal symptoms: masturbation, exhibitionistic tendencies, grossly premature sexual interest." Vogl: differential diagnosis and therapy, catamnestic surveys.