Opening trap

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When opening traps are called in chess move sequences in the opening phase of a game that will entice the enemy to an error.

Opening traps are often implemented by offering an apparent or real material gain (for example by so-called poisoned pawns ), the acceptance of which leads to the loss of the game or other permanent disadvantages in the course of the game.

If the opening trap is supported with a little psychological skill through appropriate facial expressions and gestures , the opponent often believes that the chess partner has made a careless mistake and courageously takes action.

Examples

Russian defense
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8th Chess rdt45.svg Chess ndt45.svg Chess bdt45.svg Chess qdt45.svg Chess kdt45.svg Chess bdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess rdt45.svg 8th
7th Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg 7th
6th Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess nlt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess ndt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 6th
5 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 5
4th Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 4th
3 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 3
2 Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess qlt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg 2
1 Chess rlt45.svg Chess nlt45.svg Chess blt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess klt45.svg Chess blt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess rlt45.svg 1
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Diagram 1 : Queen's win after 5. Ne5 – c6 +

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Alekhine - Moner
Palma de Mallorca 1935
  a b c d e f G H  
8th Chess rdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess bdt45.svg Chess qdt45.svg Chess kdt45.svg Chess bdt45.svg Chess ndt45.svg Chess rdt45.svg 8th
7th Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess ndt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg 7th
6th Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 6th
5 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 5
4th Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess nlt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 4th
3 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 3
2 Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess qlt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg 2
1 Chess rlt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess blt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess klt45.svg Chess blt45.svg Chess nlt45.svg Chess rlt45.svg 1
  a b c d e f G H  

Diagram 2 : Position after 5. Qd1 – e2

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In the Russian Defense after the moves 1. e2 – e4 e7 – e5 2. Ng1 – f3 Ng8 – f6 3. Nf3xe5 Nf6xe4 ?! White can “set a trap” with move 4. Qd1 – e2. If Black pulls the threatened knight back to f6, for example, White can give a check with 5. Ne5 – c6 + and win the black queen (see diagram 1 ). It is therefore better for Black to let the knight capture and after 4.… Qd8 – e7! 5. Qe2xe4 d7 – d6 to win back the material, since the white knight is now tied up.

The former world chess champion Alexander Alekhine used a completely different motive in a game against Moner (see diagram 2 ). In the position resulting from the Caro-Kann defense , Alekhine captivates the black pawn on e7 with 5. Qd1 – e2, so that 6. Ne4 – d6 threatens mate to be stifled (the pawn cannot capture on d6). Moner actually overlooked the trap, moved 5.… Ng8 – f6 and let himself be mated.

Other well-known examples of opening traps are the midshipman's mat , the Noah's Ark trap or a replay of the accepted Queen's Gambit .

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