European security strategy

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In response to the Iraq crisis in 2003 in connection with the Iraq war who received High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the EU , Javier Solana , in the summer of 2003, the task of a European Security Strategy (ESS) to formulate. The European Council adopted the strategy on December 12, 2003. The strategy was later developed into the European Union Global Strategy , EUGS .

Security concept

Security is understood comprehensively. The increasing opening of borders since the end of the Cold War has created “an environment in which internal and external security aspects can no longer be separated from one another. The flow of trade and investment, technological development and the spread of democracy have brought freedom and prosperity to many people. From the perspective of others, however, globalization represents frustration and injustice. These developments have given non-governmental groups more scope to participate in international events. And they have increased Europe's dependence - and thus also its susceptibility - on networked infrastructures in areas such as transport, energy and information. [...] The competition for natural resources - especially for water -, which will increase in the coming decades due to global warming, is likely to cause further turbulence and migratory movements in various regions of the world. Energy dependency is of particular concern to Europe. Europe is the largest oil and gas importer in the world. 50% of our current energy consumption is covered by imports. In 2030 this proportion will have reached 70%. "

In addition to military conflicts and issues relating to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, access to raw materials and energy sources , poverty and issues relating to the protection of minorities are also recorded.

aims

The strategy names terrorism , the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction , regional conflicts, failed states and organized crime as the main threats to Europe . It demands stability and good governance in the immediate neighborhood of the European Union and the strengthening of on multilateralism founding world order . The United Nations Charter is intended to fundamentally shape international relations and frame preventive action against the new, so-called dynamic threats. The core of the strategy is the prevention of proliferation .

concept

The EU sees itself as an area of ​​stability for its own members and neighboring regions such as Russia , Ukraine , Moldova and Belarus . Relations with the USA are named in the strategy paper as irreplaceable. But not in the sense of dominance by the USA. The paper names Canada , Japan , China and India as further partners .

The range of tasks includes humanitarian rescue operations, peacekeeping tasks, but also combat operations in crisis management and pacification (so-called peacemaking tasks). The EU also wants to help disarm the parties to the conflict, support third countries and fight terrorism.

The use of force as a means of international diplomacy is basically possible. However, it requires legitimation by the United Nations.

Successor to EUGS

The strategy was updated in 2008 with the report on the implementation of the European Security Strategy (RI-ESS). The new document should not replace the ESS, but adapt it to the changed conditions in the security environment of the EU. New threats, such as B. Cybersecurity or climate change included in the strategy. The focus on international collaboration and cooperation remained unchanged.

The ESS was replaced in 2016 by the so-called Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign And Security Policy , EUGS, now the description of the security strategy comprises 50 pages instead of 14 before. The current security document accordingly contains more topics and describes them in more detail than the ESS.

The EUGS project's own website has a news ticker, which will be updated and claims the foundation of PESCO as a successful product for 2018 .

See also

literature
to the EUGS

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ European Council: Report on the Implementation of the European Security Strategy - Providing Security in a Changing World -. European Council, December 11, 2008, accessed October 27, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Jan Joel Andersson, Erik Brattberg, Malin Häggqvist, Hanna Ojanen, Mark Rhinard: The European Security Strategy: Reinvigorate, Revise or Reinvent? Ed .: The Swedish Institute of International Affairs. No. 7, 2011, ISBN 978-91-86704-19-3 , pp. 24 .
  3. ^ A Global Strategy on Foreign and Security Policy for the European Union - EU Global Strategy. Retrieved October 27, 2017 (English). and EU Foreign Ministers adopted common conclusions on implementing the EU Global Strategy , EU Global Strategy, October 17, 2016
  4. ↑ News, the 2nd year