Eutrophy
As eutrophic or eutrophication (from Greek. Εύτροφος, good nourishing , nutrient-rich ), the good nutritional status of organisms called and they nourishing environment. However, the term has several, slightly different meanings.
medicine
The medicine meant by eutrophication
- a good nutritional state of the body, especially of babies (see trophics )
- the regular and sufficient supply of an organ with nutrients
- normal muscle volume
On the contrary, see dystrophy , atrophy .
earth sciences
In the ecological sciences , trophy means supplying a habitat or site with abiotic (inorganic) nutrients . The decisive factor is their availability, not the type of bond; Nutrients that contribute to the trophic can therefore be organic (as biomass ) or inorganically bound. Insoluble fixed and therefore unavailable nutrients, e.g. B. in insoluble minerals , however, do not contribute to the trophy. Often only the main nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus , are considered in the trophic classification . In terrestrial habitats nitrogen is mostly of the greatest importance, in water it is phosphorus.
Eutrophication means the enrichment of a previously poorly supplied habitat with nutrients, i.e. an improvement in the growth potential for plants. This is not always positive, there is often an oversupply of nutrients that isharmful to the entire habitatand which can lead to serious disadvantages, such as anoxic conditions (oxygen depletion) in water, which can lead to the mass death of numerous organisms. In terrestrial ecosystems, too, eutrophic habitats are often poor in species, which means that eutrophication contributes to species decline.
The opposite of eutrophy is oligotrophy : sparse, poor in nutrients, regarding plant nutrition.
The Pedologie means by eutrophic soil a nutrient-rich soil substrate.
In Hydrology is eutrophication one of the trophic levels in Trophiesystem , it is characterized by good supply of nutrients without nutrient deficiency.
Web links
literature
- R. Ganssen: Principles of soil formation , BI-Hochschultaschenbuch vol. 327, Mannheim 1965
- F. Lebeth: Hydro (geo) logical data in connection with the use and protection of groundwater ... , pp. 113–121 in G. Gerstbach, Geoscientific / geotechnical data in land information systems ( GeoLIS II ) , Vienna University of Technology 1989
- W. Kilian, M. English: Forest soil report . Volume 1 of the Austrian Forest Soil Inventory , FBVA and Agrarverlag, Vienna 1993
- RA Vollenweider & PJ Dillon: The application of the Phosphorus Loading Concept to Eutrophication Research. National Research Council of Canada, Publication No. 13690. 1974.
- Walter K. Dodds, John R. Jones, Eugene B. Welch: Suggested classification of stream trophic state: distributions of temperate stream types by chlorophyll, total nitrogen, and phosphorus . In: Water Research . tape 32 , no. 5 , March 1, 1998, pp. 1455-1462 , doi : 10.1016 / S0043-1354 (97) 00370-9 ( sciencedirect.com ).
- H. Ellenberg (1989): Eutrophication, the most serious problem in nature conservation. Reports of the North German Nature Conservation Academy 2/1: 4-13.