Euxinolauria

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Euxinolauria
Systematics
Superordinate : Heterobranchia
Order : Lung snails (pulmonata)
Subordination : Land snails (Stylommatophora)
Superfamily : Pupilloidea
Family : Lauriidae
Genre : Euxinolauria
Scientific name
Euxinolauria
Lindholm , 1924

Euxinolauria is a land snail - genus of the Lauriidae family , which belongs to the land snails (Stylommatophora).

features

The cylindrical-egg-shaped to broad-egg-shaped cases are 1.8 to 6.5 mm high and 1.3 to 3.0 mm wide. 6.5 to 8 turns are formed, which are rounded to a moderately convex periphery. The apex is broadly rounded. The last turn usually rises slightly towards the edge of the mouth. The mouth plane as well as the U-shaped to wide-U-shaped mouth opening are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the housing. The mouth reinforcement consists of a maximum of seven teeth (and folds) and a thickening on the upper edge of the palate, which lies in the mouth plane. In addition, there may be some knot-like thickenings near the mouth edge. However, most species do not have the full set of teeth, folds, and knots. The surface is almost smooth to ribbed.

In the male tract of the sexual apparatus, the spermatic duct (vas deferens) opens apically into the comparatively short epiphallus , which thickens strongly after the opening. Internally, the epiphallus shows numerous, circular slits in the wall. The epiphallus is only about half the length of the penis. At the transition epiphallus / penis sits a slim, cylindrical blind sack (caecum), which is rolled up like a ball and surrounded by a thin membrane. The lower half of the long penis is thickened; shortly before the opening into the atrium, the very long penile appendix sits on this section, which is divided into a very long, thick lower part, a short, very thin central part, and a club-shaped, thickened end part. The retractor muscle divides into two strands. One strand starts at the thickened lower part of the penis appendix (near the transition to the thin central part), the second strand starts at the transition epiphallus / penis. In the female tract, the spermathec branches off from the free fallopian tube late, so that the vagina is comparatively short. The bladder is elongated and club-shaped and comes to lie in the area of ​​the protein gland. The animals are oviparous .

Geographical distribution and habitat

The representatives of the genus Euxinolauria occur in southeastern Europe (Bulgaria), northern Turkey, in the Caucasus and in Iran.

Taxonomy

The taxon was established in 1909 by Eugène Caziot and Eugène Margier as the genus Caucasica . Type species is Pupa caucasica Pfeiffer, 1857 by absolute tautonymy . The name Caucasica , however , was preoccupied by Caucasica Boettger, 1877, also a genus of snails, and is therefore invalid. In 1924 Wilhelm Lindholm replaced Caucasica Caziot & Mergier, in 1909 by Euxinolauria . By replacing the preoccupied name with a new name (nom. Nov.), The newly named genus also retains the type species of the renamed genus. The definition of Pupa (Charadrobia) pulchra Retowski , 1883 by Lindholm (1924) is therefore inadmissible according to the nomenclature rules. The wrong type is listed in many later works, including Schileyko (1998). Hartwig Schütt considered the genus Euxinolauria to be a synonym for Leiostyla Lowe, 1852. In 2004 he also described a species of this genus, i.e. H. he recognized the independence of the genre. Today Euxinolauria is managed as an independent genus (Welter Schultes, Sysoev & Schileyko)

supporting documents

literature

  • Henry Augustus Pilsbry: Manual of Conchology. Second Series: Pulmonata. Vol. 27. Pupillidæ (Orculinæ, Pagodulinæ, Acanthinulinæ, etc.). Pp. I – IV, 1–369, Philadelphia, 1922–1926 (1922) online at www.archive.org (p. 74)
  • Anatolij A. Schileyko: Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs , Part 1. Achatinellidae, Amastridae, Orculidae, Strobilopsidae, Spelaeodiscidae, Valloniidae, Cochlicopidae, Pupillidae, Chondrinidae, Pyramidulidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2 (1): 1–126, Moscow 1998 ISSN  0136-0027 (p. 74)
  • Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 S., 679 S., Q1-Q78 S., Planet Poster Ed., Göttingen 2012, ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 (S. 133)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eugène Caziot, Eugène Margier: Classification proposée pour les espèces de la région paléarctique de la famille des Pupidae (ancien genre Pupa). Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France, 34: 140-147, Paris 1909. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 140)
  2. ^ Wilhelm Adolf Lindholm (Wassili Adolfowitsch Lindholm): A revised systematic list of the genera of the Clausiliidæ, recent and fossil, with their subdivisions, synonymy, and types. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 16 (2): 53-80, London.
  3. ↑ Hartwig Schütt: "Turkish land snails." 432 p., Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1993 ISBN 3-925919-15-5 .
  4. ↑ a b Rıdvan Şeşen, Hartwig Schütt: Five species of land snail previously unknown from Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East, 31: 1, 83-86, doi : 10.1080 / 09397140.2004.10638026
  5. ↑ Alexander Sysoev, Anatolij Schileyko: Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. 312 S., Pensoft, Sofia & Moscow, 2009 (Pensoft series: Faunistica, 87)
  6. ↑ Levan Mumladze, Robert AD Cameron, Beata Pokryszko: "Endemic country molluscs in Georgia (Caucasus): how well are they protected by existing reserves and national parks?". Journal of Molluscan Studies 80: 67-73, 2014 doi : 10.1093 / mollus / eyt047 .

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