Eva Lwowna Broido

Eva Broido (before 1917)

Eva Lwowna Broido (* 1876 in Švenčionys ; † September 14 or November 11, 1941 ) was a member of the Menshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party . She has been arrested and banished several times .

Life

Eva Broido was the daughter of a Talmud teacher and a timber merchant. She attended a boys' school and trained as a pharmacy assistant. In 1895/96 she traveled to Berlin, where she came into contact with social democrats . From 1896 to 1898 she was married to a Gordon, with whom she had two daughters, including Aleksandra Abramovna (1897-1976).

In 1899 she settled in Saint Petersburg , joined the Social Democratic Movement and translated August Bebel's The Woman and Socialism into Russian. She was a member of an illegal labor library for which she created and distributed literature. She was arrested in January 1901 and, after 15 months in prison, sentenced to three or five years of exile in Siberia .

In 1902 she married her childhood friend Mark Broido ( Russian Бройдо Марк Исаевич ; 1877–1937) in prison , with ten prisoners as witnesses. The couple had a son, Daniel . and two daughters, u. a. Vera Broido During an uprising by the exiles in 1904, the family managed to flee to England. The following year they returned to Russia, where they joined the Menshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDAP). They worked as Menshevik organizers in Baku and published an illegal weekly newspaper. In 1906 they returned to Saint Petersburg, where they organized meetings of factory workers, wrote brochures, translated works by German Social Democrats and organized the election to the fourth Duma (1912). After the family had been exiled to Siberia for the second time from 1914 to spring 1917, she worked for the Menshevik press in Moscow and was a member of the Menshevik Central Committee . They had been looking forward to the revolution euphorically.

In 1920 they emigrated to Berlin, where Eva worked for the socialist Westnik and opened a fashion studio around 1925. After Eva returned to the Soviet Union illegally as a courier in 1927, she was imprisoned the following year and exiled to Tashkent until 1936 . In 1929 she published her memoirs under the title Weather Lights over Russia . She was later exiled to the Mongolian border, where she may have been shot in June 1941.

Works

• Weather lights over Russia . [First edition 1929]. Foreword by Alexander Stein. 2nd edition Berlin, Der Bücherkreis, 1931.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ [1]
2. ↑ Adasinskaia, Galina Antonovna
3. ↑ [2]
4. ^ AT Lane: Biographical dictionary of European labor leaders , Volume 1, p. 148
5. ↑ [3]
6. ↑ Broido, Eva, Bibliography