Fa Ngum

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Fa Ngum statue in Vientiane

Fa Ngum ( Lao : ຝ້າ ງູ່ມ , / fȁːŋum /, also Fa Ngoun, short form for Somdet Brhat-Anya Fa Ladhuraniya Si Sadhana Kanayudha Maharajah Brhat Radscharana Si Chudhana Negara , *  1316 in Müang Sua ; †  1393 in Nan ) was the first between 1354 and 1373 Ruler of the Lao Kingdom of Lan Xang . He came from the Khun Lo dynasty .

Career

Fa Ngum was a grandson of Suvanna Khamphong , the ruler of Chieng Dong Chieng Thong , who in turn is said to be descended from Khun Lo . As a child, Fa Ngum and his father had come into exile at the court of the Khmer kings of Angkor , possibly because his father had become too close to one of Suvanna Khamphong's concubines. He later married the Khmer princess Nang Keava Lot Fa (Keo Kaengkanya), who introduced Theravada Buddhism to the kingdom.

Historical sources say that Fa Ngum raised a larger army of around 10,000 men between 1350 and 1351, which followed him from Angkor to what is now Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia . Fa Ngum's army fought successfully in Nghe An and Vinh , in the valleys of the Red and Black Rivers in Vietnam and in what is now Isan (northeastern Thailand). Between 1352 and 1354 he conquered Müang Sing , Mueang Huom , Chieng Hung , Pak U and Pak Beng . In 1353 he fought the decisive battle against his uncle at Chieng Dong Chieng Thong and was victorious. This gave him the undisputed power over the land he called Lan Xang ("Land of Millions of Elephants"). Lan Xang, however, was not a centrally managed empire, but assumed a leading position among the numerous Müangs who functioned as a kind of fiefdom .

After his wife died in 1368, Fa Ngum became so depraved that his replacement was considered. In 1373, after a long-standing dispute about the direction of Buddhism that should apply to Lan Xang, he was replaced as king and replaced by his son Un Hue-an, who took over the reign and called himself Samsaenthai , and in 1393 with the death of his father, king by Lan Xang.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Encyclopaedia Britannica specifies 1374 as the year of death, see http://www.bridica.com/EBchecked/topic/199640/Fa-Ngum#ref=ref283528 entry page for Fa Ngum (last accessed on March 28, 2010).
  2. ↑ O'Tailan (2008), p 270
  3. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from April 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aseanfocus.com
  4. ↑ O'Tailan (2008), p 271

literature

personal data
SURNAME Fa Ngum
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Somdet Brhat-Anya Fa Ladhuraniya Si Sadhana Kanayudha Maharajah Brhat Radscharana Si Chudhana Negara
BRIEF DESCRIPTION first ruler of the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang
DATE OF BIRTH 1316
PLACE OF BIRTH Müang Sua
DATE OF DEATH 1393
Place of death Nan