Fenian Brotherhood
The Fenian Brotherhood ( Irish Bráithreachas na bhFíníní ) was a secret organization of ethnic Irish that was founded for the Irish struggle for independence. The Fenians (German: Fenier ) named themselves after the Fianna , the army of the legendary hero Fionn mac Cumhaill from the Middle Ages.
history
The founding of the secret Irish Republican Brotherhood in Dublin (IRB) and the Fenian Brotherhood in New York City , USA occurred almost at the same time, in 1858 and 1859.
Both associations were simply referred to by the people as "Fenians" (Irish na Fíníní ) and soon formed a loosely cooperating organization. The term "Fenians" later became a synonym for all supporters of Irish independence and is used to this day, especially in Northern Ireland. These groups were also carried and installed in other countries of the English sphere of influence by emigrants, such as Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and England. The founders of this company were among others John Francis O'Mahony, John O'Leary and Michael Doheny.
The main purpose of the American organization was to raise money and weapons for the Irish struggle for independence. In 1866 it made a name for itself with a series of raids on the British colonies in Canada. The actions represented an attempt to tie up British troops in North America and thus indirectly support the armed struggle in Ireland. The members had to commit to secrecy by means of an oath.
See also
- William R. Roberts , so called President of the Brotherhood during the fighting in 1866
- James Stephens (Fenier) , one of the founders of the Fenian Brotherhood
Web links
- The Fenians - Les fenians on the pages of the Dictionnaire biographique du Canada - Dictionary of Canadian Biography , with the banner of the Fenians (7 sites)
- The Fenian Raids, effects of marauding troops in Canada 1866–1871 between New Brunswick and Manitoba , in The Canadian Encyclopedia , exhibition, numerous pictures, optionally also in French.
- The Battle of Ridgeway, the climax of the fighting in Canada on June 2, 1866 , official Canadian memorial "Champ de bataille de Ridgeway"; optionally also in English
Footnotes
- ^ Paul Johnson : Ireland: Land of Troubles. A history from the 12th century to the present day . Eyre Methuen, London 1980, ISBN 0-413-47650-2 , p. 110.
- ^ Francis Stewart Leland Lyons: Ireland since the famine . Fontana Press, London, 10th ed. 1987, ISBN 0-00-686005-2 , p. 124.
- ↑ Select language (English / French) at the top left, or change the entry "en" in the URL to "fr".