Fire pump
A fire pump , also Pneumatic lighter , compression lighter or air lighter called, is a device for generating fire, wherein the air by compression is heated so much that this scale for annealing can be brought.
Pneumatic lighters consist of a hollow cylinder closed at one end only , in which an airtight piston can be pushed down with the help of a rod . If this happens very quickly, the heat generated during compression ignites a piece of sponge tinder attached to a hook under the piston .
The theory is simple, but in practice creating a fire with a pneumatic lighter is rather difficult.
history
The pneumatic lighter was and is still made with bamboo cane in northern Borneo and the Philippines .
In Europe, the pneumatic lighter was probably reinvented by Agostino Ruffo in 1745. Gilberto Govi also mentions Agostino Ruffo as an inventor in 1876. At the beginning of the 19th century another reinvention and a patent are reported (Richard Lorentz, February 5, 1807)
However, the instrument was not widely used in Europe , as there were better methods of generating fire at that time. It is used to demonstrate the heating of air by means of compression in physics classes.
Technical use
The diesel engine is based on this process . It compresses air to such an extent that a sufficiently high temperature is reached at which the injected droplets of diesel fuel ignite.
Individual evidence
- ↑ lighters . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 6, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 225.
- ↑ tav: Giornale de'letterati per l'anno ... pubblicato col titolo di Novelle letterarie oltramontane. tav, 1745, p. 307 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- ^ Sull 'invenzione dell' accendi-Fuoco Pneumatico in Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei , Volume 3, 1876, p. 41 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- ↑ https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924101107518;view=1up;seq=282 Patent for Producing Light and Fire in The Repertory of arts, manufactures, and agriculture Heft 11 Serie 2, 1807 , Page 250f
Web links
- Pneumatic lighters. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 20, 2018 ; accessed on March 28, 2020 ((article on private website about the history of the lighter, article with pictures)).
- zeno.org, article "Pneumatic Lighter"
- University of Munich Pneumatic lighter as an experiment in thermodynamics with photos