Film trick

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Use of various trick techniques in Georges Méliès ' film Un homme de têtes  (1898)

The film trick or film trick technique describes the manipulation of the film image in front of the camera ( special effects ) or in post-production ( visual effects ) to create a film illusion. Georges Méliès is considered the inventor of the film trick technique .

The analog optical trick techniques developed very early on include photographic processes such as time lapse , slow motion , split screen (to combine separately recorded sequences) or stop motion (e.g. in King Kong and the white woman , 1933). In addition to these processes, which are carried out with and in the camera, the image can also be manipulated in front of the camera, for example with model trick shots , glass shots , matte paintings or the Schüfftan process . For example, the futuristic city in Metropolis  (1927) was realized using a table-high model of the city and the Schüfftan mirror trick. Furthermore, the photomechanical process can be manipulated with special development and copying techniques. An example of this are prepared copying machines, optical benches or the traveling mask , with which certain parts of the film negative remain unexposed and can be edited afterwards.

Another trick technique is the back projection process , which became the leading trick technique in the 1940s. Back then, feature films had to be produced in the studio as much as possible because there were no portable microphones for outdoor recordings. So the extra recorded scenes, z. B. Backgrounds for car trips or city scenes, recorded with the help of the rear projection. Another, albeit more complicated, method is front projection , in which the background image is projected onto a screen, but in front of which the actors also act. In order to hide the projection on the actors, they have to be illuminated with numerous studio lamps.

Nowadays, film tricks are mainly created in the context of digital compositing through computer animation .

Web links

Wiktionary: Filmtrick  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
  • Film trick. In: Movie College. Retrieved October 21, 2013 .
  • Michael Ringelsiep, Christoph Teves: Film Tricks. In: Planet Knowledge. Retrieved October 21, 2013 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Film Tricks. In: Lexicon of film terms. Hans J. Wulff and Theo Bender, accessed October 21, 2013 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Michael Ringelsiep, Christoph Teves: Filmtricks. In: Planet Knowledge. Retrieved October 21, 2013 .
  3. ↑ a b c Ursula von Keitz: Trick. In: Lexicon of film terms. Hans J. Wulff and Theo Bender, accessed October 21, 2013 .
  4. ↑ Ludger Kaczmarek: hiking mask. In: Lexicon of film terms. Hans J. Wulff and Theo Bender, accessed October 21, 2013 .