Financial accounting
The financial statement is the accounting part of the financial statements and the budget .
General
There is a financial account in both the Doppik ( companies ) and the cameralistics ( public budgets ). The financial accounting consists of the balance sheet (cameralistics: asset accounting ), profit and loss account (cameralistics: profitability analysis) and cash flow statement (cameralistics: financial accounting ). Therefore the cash flow statement is the counterpart to the cameralistic financial calculation. The financial statement is a necessary addition to the asset and profitability statement. However, it is not required by law for commercial bookkeeping in sole proprietorship. In contrast, municipal accounting consists of a balance sheet, income statement and financial statement. It is one of the elementary components of the double budget.
The financial calculation can be drawn up retrospectively or as a planning calculation. It consists of flows , the balance of which results in a liquidity surplus or a liquidity deficit.
content
The financial account compares the expenditure with the income , its balance is the liquidity balance ( cash on hand ). This in turn is supplemented by the remaining assets and compared in the balance sheet with debts and equity . In practice, however, the double-entry method does not provide for a financial account systematically interlinked with the balance sheet and income statement; Business transactions with an impact on liquidity are rather posted to the cash account without differentiation. Therefore, the cash flow statement replaces the financial statement.
The budget accounting (cameralistics) of public administrations is traditionally a financial accounting for the documentation, monitoring and control of payment flows . In the public budget, the financial account (also known as the household account ) shows the payments in and out and thus the change in the cash balance . Financial accounting forms part of the three-component accounting system ( double ). With the financial accounting , the cash flows are recorded and mapped by comparing the incoming and outgoing liquid funds according to the gross principle ( offsetting prohibition ). With the exception of the annual opening balance, there is no opening balance in the financial accounts; these are closed on a daily basis and the target and actual balances are transferred to the daily closing book.
Legal issues
Germany
In accordance with Section 297 of the German Commercial Code (HGB) , the consolidated financial statements consist of the consolidated balance sheet, the consolidated income statement, the notes to the consolidated financial statements , the cash flow statement and the statement of changes in equity . The cash flow statement as a double counterpart to the financial statement is therefore only required by law for the consolidated financial statements. According to § 95 Abs. 2 GO NRW , the municipal annual financial statements are made up of profitability accounting, financial accounting, partial accounts and the balance sheet (asset accounting).
See also
literature
- Literature on financial accounting in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jörn Mathesius, Kostenrechnung , 2006, p. 3
- ^ Alfred Bezler, Municipal cost accounting, fee calculation and controlling , 2014, p. 118
- ↑ Wolfgang Lücke, Financial Planning and Financial Control in Industry , 1965, p. 24
- ↑ Willi Albers / Anton Zottmann (eds.), Concise Dictionary of Economics (HdWW) , Volume 3, 1981, p. 85
- ↑ Henner Schierenbeck, Grundzüge der Betriebswirtschaftslehre , 2003, p. 510
- ↑ Henner Schierenbeck , Grundzüge der Betriebswirtschaftslehre , 2003, p. 619
- ↑ André Tauberger, controlling for Public Administration , 2008, p 92
- ↑ Klaus Lüder, Conceptual Basics of the New Municipal Accounting , 1999, p. 8
- ^ Jens Findeisen / Friederike Trommer, Kommunale Finanzwirtschaft (Doppik) , Kommunal- und Schul-Verlag, 2016, pp. 20, 39, ISBN 978-3-8293-1243-1
