Foul (basketball)

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This article fouls in the area of basketball . They are divided into the following different areas.

The following important information is missing from this article or section:
  • Cylinder principle
  • legal defense position
  • Team fouls
  • Stop-The-Clock
  • Differentiation between NBA (e.g. Flagrant Foul I, II) and FIBA ​​incomplete
  • "last man rule" in unsportsmanlike fouls
  • Over-the-back, hold / hooking
  • Technical foul "swinging the elbow"
  • Fighting (disqualification of bankers who enter the field during fights)
  • Incomplete penalties (unsportsmanlike foul, team fouls, disqualification, compensation)
  • Fouls sometimes irrelevant, incomprehensible, incomplete or incorrectly described (e.g. charging foul: defender does not have to "stand" but can also move backwards / sideways and jump)
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Personal fouls

A personal foul in basketball is intentional or unintentional fouls during the game, such as B.

  • Pull opponents by their jersey or
  • Touching opponents incorrectly

or other fouls; these are divided as follows:

Defensive fouls

Reach-in foul

A reach-in foul is the unauthorized touching of the opponent with the hand when he has the ball, e.g. B. if you hit him on the finger while dribbling. The attacking team remains in possession of the ball.

Blocking foul

The following situation is called a blocking foul:

An attacking player comes with the ball towards the blocking defender. If the defender moves out of their block and there is physical contact, it is a blocking foul. The attacking team remains in possession of the ball.

Throwing foul

Throwing foul is the fouling of the attacking player while he is trying to take a throw. If the attempt was successful, the player who was fouled is awarded a free throw. If the attempt to throw the throw was unsuccessful and the foul took place behind the 3-point line, the fouled player is awarded 3 free throws, otherwise 2 free throws. After a successful final free throw, the team that fouled receives the ball.

Unsporting fouls

In the case of unsportsmanlike (formerly: deliberate) fouls, the attacker is pulled by the jersey, he is detained or a personal foul is intentionally committed which, however, does not constitute a legitimate attempt to play the ball directly.

Disqualifying fouls

A disqualifying foul is any obviously unsportsmanlike conduct by players, substitutes or coaches, e.g. B. Undermining a player while laying up or insulting the referee.

In both of the aforementioned types of fouls, the fouling player has no real chance to play the ball and thus deliberately deprives the fouled player of the fair chance of winning the basket. As a penalty, 2 free throws are imposed with a subsequent throw-in at the center line for the team of the fouled player.

Offensive fouls

Charging foul

The situation is the same as for a blocking foul, only the difference is that the defender does not move. If this is the case and the defender is taken by surprise by the attacker carrying the ball, this is a charging foul and the fouled team gets the ball.

Make a foul on the block

If an attacking player (without the ball) blocks a block so that the defender of the player in possession cannot get past him, it is not necessarily a foul. It becomes a foul as soon as he:

  • holding the defense attorney
  • pushes the defender or similar

Technical fouls

A technical foul is all fouls that were not preceded by physical contact between two players, e.g. B. violent complaints after a referee decision, yelling / mobbing the opponent or the like, i.e. any indiscipline. This also applies if the opponent is provoked. Likewise, rule violations of an administrative nature (e.g. more than 5 players on the field, mistakes when changing players) can be punished as a technical foul. The "fouled" team is awarded a free throw and possession of the ball at the center line. If a coach or player receives a technical foul before the game begins, there is no throw-in at the center line, as a basketball game must always start with a jump ball.

Path foul

A path foul is a foul in which the opponent has a clear path to the basket and is fouled from the side or behind. The consequences are the same as for a technical foul. This foul applies in the NBA, but according to the DBB, this foul is considered unsportsmanlike.

Unsporting fouls

An unsportsmanlike foul is one where the defender has no chance of getting the ball, or one that is severe enough to compromise the opponent's health.

Disqualifying fouls

A disqualifying foul is the worst foul that can be committed in basketball. Examples are insulting the referee or opponent, a very brutal foul or other severe rule violations.

Fouling out

A player has fouled out as soon as he:

  • Has committed a normal foul five times or six times in the NBA ;
  • has two unsportsmanlike or technical fouls, or
  • receives a disqualifying foul.

A trainer will be disqualified if:

  • he has received two technical fouls ("C") for personal unsportsmanlike conduct;
  • three technical fouls ("B") have been imposed on his team's bank or
  • a combination of two bank fouls ("B") and one technical foul ("C") has been imposed in any order.

See also

Web links