Francesco Landini

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Landini with laurel wreath and portative (illustration from the Squarcialupi Codex )

Francesco Landini (* around 1325 in Fiesole near Florence ; † September 2, 1397 ; also Francesco Landino ) was an Italian composer , organist , singer , multi-instrumentalist and poet .

Live and act

Francesco Landini was born around 1325 in Fiesole near Florence as the son of the painter Jacopo del Casentino . He went blind during his childhood due to smallpox . Over 150 works by him have survived. 141 of these are ballatas, 92 of which are two-part, two are two-part and three-part, and 47 are three-part. He is considered to be the greatest master of the Trecento madrigal . Landini was organist and chaplain of San Lorenzo in Florence from 1365 to 1397 , but composed mainly secular music . According to his biographer Filippo Villani , whose Liber de origine civitatis Florentiae can be described as the main biographical source on Landini, Landini also dealt with astrology , ethics and philosophy . He embodies the composer typical of the 14th century, who sees and expresses himself as an intellectual personality, in stark contrast to the earlier medieval composers, whose personality is barely tangible. In contrast to France, another important musical center of the time with Paris, Italy was already characterized by a federal republican influence. In city-states such as Venice, Siena and Florence, powerful citizens offered artists a social forum, as is expressed, for example, in Boccaccio's Decameron . Giovanni Gherardi da Prato reports in Paradiso degli Alberti how the local litterati - doctors, philosophers, mathematicians and theologians discussed with each other and listened to Landini's organ playing heartbreakingly on his portative. According to Villani, he managed to blend the human voice with the sound of the organ in a unique way. He also worked as an organ tuner and instrument maker.

In the 1360s, Landini is said to have been awarded the corona laurea by the King of Cyprus , this is also shown by a picture of Landini in a miniature of the initial at the beginning of the Landini collection in the Squarcialupi Codex (f.121v) from 1415.

Works

Twelve two- and three-part madrigals , a caccia , more than 140 ballatas and a few mass settings have been preserved . Collections of Landini's works can be found in the following manuscripts:

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The small encyclopedia , Encyclios-Verlag, Zurich, 1950, volume 2, page 11
  2. ↑ Griffiths, Paul: History of Music. From the Middle Ages to the present . Weimar 2008, p. 34
  3. ↑ Kurt Honolka (ed.): Knaurs Weltgeschichte der Musik, Droemersche Verlagsanstalt Th. Knaur, 1979, page 171
  4. ↑ Carl Dahlhaus and Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht (eds.): Brockhaus Riemann Musiklexikon in two volumes, second volume LZ, FA Brockhaus, Wiesbaden, B. Schott, Mainz, 1979, page 12
personal data
SURNAME Landini, Francesco
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Francesco Landino; Franciscus Cecus; Francesco da Firenze
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian minstrel, composer, organist
DATE OF BIRTH around 1325
PLACE OF BIRTH Fiesole near Florence
DATE OF DEATH September 2, 1397