Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists

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The Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists was a Düsseldorf artists' association. It emerged in 1891 from the St. Lukas Club (also St. Lukas Club ) founded in 1889 and was one of the earliest secions in art history. Its members turned away from the traditional history painting of the time and devoted themselves to impressionistic painting. Later secessions took place in Munich in 1892 with the Association of Visual Artists of Munich and in 1894 in Dresden with the Association of Visual Artists Dresden .

history

The main purpose of the Kunstverein für die Rheinlande und Westfalen , one of the oldest German art associations, founded in Düsseldorf in 1829 , was "to promote art". From the beginning, the club life of the Düsseldorf Art Association was always shaped by artistic and cultural-political debates with the Düsseldorf conditions and the general taste in art of the time. The exhibition policy was associated with the art academy and the sponsors and collectors of the Düsseldorf School of Painting . Otherwise, things were poor with artistic exhibitions in Düsseldorf, as the management was in the hands of the Düsseldorf Artists Association, founded in 1844 for mutual support and assistance . The Association of Düsseldorf Artists, which was founded in 1844 by Wilhelm von Schadow , Wilhelm Camphausen , Alfred Rethel , Oswald Achenbach and other members of the Düsseldorf School of Painting, was initially a supraregional loan and insurance association for artists to cope with emergencies. Every member who practiced one of the visual arts professionally could participate in exhibitions.

In the middle of the 19th century there was art and artist fights in Düsseldorf. Artists broke away from the dominant, strongly conservative, academic painting style of the Düsseldorf Art Academy and exhibited individually or in groups. For example the Düsseldorf group “Künstlervereinigung 1899”.

The St. Lukas Club was one of the earliest Secession movements in Germany. In October 1889, the St. Lukas Artists' Club was founded in Düsseldorf, a progressive association of landscape painters who sought to combine the ideas of the Hague School and the Barbizon School with the achievements of Impressionism. The founders were Olof Jernberg , Eugen Kampf , Helmuth Liesegang and Heinrich Hermanns . This group had a limited number of members, so organizational structures could hardly be established.

In 1891, almost at the same time as the Munich Secession , Gregor von Bochmann founded the “Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists”, which was also characterized by the secession. It was a forerunner of the Secession, which intended to renew the exhibition system and promote the international exchange of artists. The aim was to secure the freedom of art, to give various art currents a forum and to promote young artists. Every artist who submitted to the laws of a careful artistic jury was accepted. It was desired that the Secession should have the works of every artist, regardless of whether they were much sought-after, famous or still very young, examined by a fair, inexorable and tasteful jury, so that they remained above the artistic level that should be maintained.

The execution of the exhibition was organized by about fifty artists - all without their own exhibition location - which did not have a great artistic effect, in contrast to later organizations, which actually had "Secession" in their name. In addition to mostly progressive-minded academics, the members of the St. Lukas artists' club also took part in their exhibitions . At the end of 1892, the group "Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists" made itself felt with an exhibition in the parent company of the gallery owner Eduard Schulte in Düsseldorf. From 1892, every year in December, the St. Lukas artists' club held a separate exhibition in the upper rooms of the Schulte Gallery. “It is an association of the most outstanding members of the Düsseldorf Secession and is instantly giving the best that the city's art youth can give; because the small elite did not allow those who make up the mediocrity here in their ranks. "( Scuratow : Kunstchronik: Wochenschrift für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe, No. 13. 23 January 1896) In Berlin, members of the group were only included in the association of" Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists ”at the Great Berlin Art Exhibition in 1893. The national art chronicle first discussed this group of artists in 1894.

In 1899 the St. Lukas Club and the Association split off again in 1899 . “In Düsseldorf, apart from the elderly, who don't want a judge over their fame: recently the“ St. Lukas-Gilde "and the" artists' association of the [18] 99 he ", who had marched so far, separated from the" Free Association "." ( Wilhelm Schäfer : Die Rheinlande , March 1902, p. 6)

Exhibitions (selection)

literature

  • Nicole Roth: How modern is the Düsseldorf School of Painting? In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Hrsg.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its international impact 1819–1918 . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , Volume 1, pp. 251 ff.
  • Magdalena M. Moeller: The Sonderbund: a prerequisite and beginnings in Düsseldorf , Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1984, ISBN 3-7927-0798-5 , p. 25
  • Die Rheinlande , special issue February 1901, p. 4
  • Wilhelm Schäfer: The Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists . In: Die Rheinlande , October 1901, p. 5
  • Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists (Ed.): Our Art News from the workshops of the Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists with contributions by German poets. Hermann Michels publishing house, Düsseldorf 1900

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Association of Düsseldorf Artists
  2. ^ Artists' Association 1899 Friedrich Scharschmidt: Die Düsseldorfer Künstlervereinigung 1899 , in Die Kunst für alle: Painting, Sculpture, Graphics, Architecture, Issue 16, May 15, 1899, pp. 246–247
  3. ^ Gregor von Bochmann (1850-1930). The painter as a draftsman , at Ostholstein-Museum, retrospectives, accessed on October 17, 2015
  4. ^ Wilhelm Schäfer: The Free Association of Düsseldorf Artists , in Die Rheinlande, October 1901, pp. 5-6