Friedrich Wildgraf von Kyrburg

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Friedrich Wildgraf von Kyrburg († after 1310) was a nobleman from the family of the Wildgrafen and provincial master or grand prior of the Knights Templar for Upper Germany.

family

He was a son of Emich, Wildgraf von Dhaun or Kyrburg († 1289) and his wife Elisabeth von Montfort , daughter of Count Hugo von Montfort and sister of Bishop Heinrich I of Chur († 1272).

Friedrich's brother Emicho Wildgraf von Kyrburg († 1311) officiated as bishop of Freising, brother Gerhard there as provost and Hugo, another brother, as cathedral chapter in Mainz. The father's brothers were Archbishop Gerhard I of Mainz , Bishop Konrad II of Freising and Heinrich, Abbot of St. Maximin in Trier .

Life

Friedrich Wildgraf von Kyrburg belonged as a knight to the Order of the Templars. Not much is known about his life or the exact dates. From 1287 to 1309 he was a preceptor or provincial master (grand prior) of the order for Alemannia and Slavia. In this office he was the direct representative of the Grand Master in his district. In the last time there were three grand priors in the German Templar Order, all of whom carried the title of Army Master in Alemannia and Slavia , namely the Upper German Friedrich Wildgraf von Kyrburg, the North German or Brandenburg Friedrich von Alvensleben and a Bohemian. Several of the documents from Wildgraf Friedrich relate to donations to the Templar coming in Kirchheim , where he is said to have mostly stayed.

From October 1307 the persecution of the Knights Templar began at the instigation of King Philip IV of France, who put pressure on the French Pope Clement V to do so. On October 13, 1307, many Knights Templar were arrested on flimsy charges in the Paris Templar Castle. a. also the Grand Master Jacques de Molay , who was executed in 1314.

Pope Clement V had issued a bull to the German bishops in August 1308, in which he called on them to initiate an investigation into the Knights Templar, analogous to what happened in France. Archbishop Peter von Aspelt only complied with this request at the Mainz Provincial Synod from May 12-14, 1310. It is said that Friedrich Wildgraf von Kyrburg unexpectedly appeared at this synod with 20 armed Knights Templar, solemnly affirmed the innocence of his order, lodged custody against the trial and appealed to a future, neutral Pope for a judgment. (The sources mention the canon of Mainz Hugo Wildgraf von Kyrburg, but he was not a Knight Templar and could not have spoken for the Knights Templar in the "we" form. It is widely assumed that the two brothers' first names were simply confused.) Then the meeting adjourned its decision. A new synod on July 1, 1313 in Mainz acquitted the Knights Templar and left them in possession of all their goods.

At a similar synod in Trier in 1310 , Wildgraf Friedrich even offered to touch red-hot iron in order to bring about a divine judgment in order to demonstrate the innocence of the order. He wanted to include the person of the Grand Master Jacques de Molay, as he had “dealt with him a lot” . He also stayed with him in the Holy Land .

Regardless of the favorable research results in Germany, the Council of Vienne dissolved the Knights Templar on March 22, 1312.

A cousin had already given half of his castle Dhronecken to the elderly Templar provincial master Friedrich Wildgraf von Kyrburg in 1309 as a retirement home. Here he must have spent the last years of his life and also died. Wilhelm Ferdinand Wilcke suspects in his history of the Templar order, based on the existing and several previously unused sources (Leipzig 1835), that Wildgraf Friedrich entered the Mainz cathedral chapter after the Knights Templar dissolved .

literature

  • Winfried Dotzauer: History of the Nahe-Hunsrück area from the beginnings to the French Revolution. Franz Steiner Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3515078789 , p. 126 and 133 (digital scan )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wildgraf in Kyrburg and Schmidtburg, Emich II . Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). - Data page on the father (with information on the family relationships)
  2. ^ Colloquium Historicum Wirsbergense: History on the Obermain. Volumes 9–11, p. 102 (detail scan)
  3. ^ Christian von Stramberg, Anton Joseph Weidenbach: Memorable and useful Rheinischer Antiquarius. Section II, Volume 18, Koblenz 1870, pp. 585 and 601 (digital scan)
  4. ^ Christian von Stramberg, Anton Joseph Weidenbach: Memorable and useful Rheinischer Antiquarius. Section II, Volume 18, Koblenz 1870, pp. 644 and 645 (digital scan)
  5. ↑ Gerhard Volfing: On the Trail of the Templars in Austria in documents and legends. 2004, p. 143 (detail scan)
  6. ^ Jenaische Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung. Volume 1, No. 210, November 1829 (digital scan)
  7. ^ Leopold von Ledebur : General Archive for the History of the Prussian State. Volume 16, 1835, p. 112 (digital scan)
  8. ^ Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen. 1974, p. 327 (detail scan)
  9. ^ Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen. 1974, p. 327 (detail scan)
  10. ^ Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück, Hellmut Kretzschmar: Historical messages from the Alvensleben gender. Volume 1, Berlin 1819, p. 214 (digital scan)
  11. ↑ History of the Order of the Templars according to the existing and several previously unused sources. Leipzig 1835, p. 389 (digital scan)
personal data
SURNAME Wild count of Kyrburg, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Provincial Master and Grand Prior of the Templar Order
DATE OF BIRTH 13th Century
DATE OF DEATH after 1310