Fukuhara-kyō
Fukuhara-kyō ( Japanese 福 原 京 , dt. "Imperial Residence City Fukuhara") was the seat of the Japanese imperial court and thus the capital of Japan from June to November 1180 . It was also the center of power for Taira no Kiyomori as well as its retirement home. Fukuhara was in what is now the boroughs of Kobe Chūō-ku and Hyōgo-ku . The Imperial Palace was on the site of today's Arata-Hachiman Shrine ( 荒田 八 幡 神社 , Arata-Hachiman-jinja ).
Fukuhara became the official residence of Taira no Kiyomori after the Heiji Rebellion in 1160, in which the Taira defeated the rival Minamoto . From then until his death in 1181, Kiyomori was the de facto political head of state. By being appointed Daijō Daijin in 1167 and marrying his daughter into the imperial family , Kiyomori again increased his influence at court.
A palace was built for him at Fukuhara and Kiyomori arranged for the port to be expanded to expand trade across the Seto Inland Sea . After the Shishigatani incident in 1177–1178, Kiyomori renounced the political, social and ceremonial obligations of the capital and retired to Fukuhara.
June 1180 the Gempei War began when Prince Mochihito called the Minamoto clan to arms to oppose Kiyomori and his clan. After the Battle of Uji , in which the clan chief Minamoto no Yorimasa was killed, Kiyomori arranged for the imperial court to be moved from Heian-kyō to Fukuhara. Thereby he tried to consolidate his claim to power and to be informed about what was going on at the court, whereby he had to do directly with government affairs again. Another reason was the better protection of the emperor and the court from Kiyomori's enemies, the Minamoto and the monks.
On the second day of the following lunar month, Kiyomori arranged a huge procession of nobles and court officials, as well as the Antoku - tennō , the monastery emperors Takakura -tennō and Go-Shirakawa -tennō to Fukuhara. Government offices were housed in lavish residences originally built for members of the Taira clan. Some government officials were not pleased with the disruption caused by the relocation, and many nobles complained about the port city's humid climate and the distance from Heian. Within 6 months the farm was moved back to Heian and Kiyomori followed suit.
When Kiyomori died the following year, he was buried in Fukuhara. Monuments mark the presumed locations of Kiyomori's palace, that of the emperor and Kiyomori's tomb.
Individual evidence
- ^ City of Kobe: History of the district of Hyōgo-ku (Kobe) ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Japanese)
literature
- Sansom, George: A History of Japan to 1334 . Stanford University Press, Stanford 1958, pp. 268/269, 284/285
- Elison, George: Fukuharakyō , in: Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan , Vol. 2, Tokyo 1983, p. 363.
Coordinates: 34 ° 41 ′ N , 135 ° 10 ′ E