Galinder

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Galinder (bright green,) and other Baltic tribes around 1200
Galinder (light gray) and Prussian tribes

The Galindians (Latin: Galindi , Galindite , also Galindae ; Greek: Γαλίνδαι ( Galindoi ), Galindai ; Prussian: Galindis ; Lithuanian: Galindas ; English: Galindians ) were a west Baltic tribe in the southwest of the former East Prussia or in the northeast of today's Poland .

Galinders (here Galindos ) have also been found on the Iberian Peninsula since the 8th century at the latest , and as Golyad in the Moscow area since the 14th century .

Surname

The name is probably derived from the Baltic , cf. Lithuanian galas , Latvian gals 'end'.
It is unclear whether there is a connection with Lithuanian galìngas 'powerful'.

Ancient Galinder

Ptolemaios mentions in his Geographike Hyphegesis as early as the 2nd century a tribe of the Galindai (Γαλ östνδαι) east of the Vistula and together with the Sudinai ( Sudauer ) at the Venetae ( Venetians ).

Galinder in later Masuria

Peter von Duisburg mentions the Galindite for the first time in his Chronica Terrae Prussiae for the year 1231. Those Galindians were only subjected to the Teutonic Order at the end of the 13th century .

Galinder in Russia

In ancient Russian chronicles a tribe of dives for the year 1058 for the first time Goljad ( голядь ) (English Eastern Galindians ) on. This tribe lived in the Moscow area. His name is traced back to the Galindians and he is considered a Baltic tribe. The traces of this tribe can be traced back to the 19th century.

literature

  • Jan Jaskanis: The Balts. The northern neighbors of the Slavs. Karl Schillinger . Freiburg 1987, p. 44.
  • Georg Gerullis: The old Prussian place names . Berlin 1922.
  • Endre Bojtár: Foreword to the Past. A Cultural History of the Baltic People . Budapest / New York 1999. ISBN 9789639116429 .

Remarks

  1. ^ Luis A. García Moreno: Una hipótesis germanista en los orígenes de Aragón . In: Anuario de Historia del Derecho Español (AHDE) 67. 1997, pp. 633–641, here pp. 634 ff. Digitized
  2. ^ Ptolemaios , Geographike Hyphegesis , Ptol. 3.5.9.
  3. ↑ R. Wixman: The peoples of the USSR - An Ethnographic Handbook. New York 1984.