Gash group
The Gash group is a Neolithic culture that lived in eastern Sudan and western Eritrea from around 3000 to 1800 BC. BC flourished. The sites are on the Gash River in the vicinity of Kassala .
The typical ceramics of this culture, mostly decorated with simple incised decorations, were found at various sites. The pottery has similarities with that of Kerma and with the pottery of the pan-burial culture .
The best excavated site so far is Mahal Teglinos . Remnants of round huts were found here, but also some rectangular adobe buildings, which are the southernmost of these types of buildings in Africa at the time. In addition to ceramics, there were many stone tools. Seals and seal impressions point to an emerging management of goods. Egyptian ceramics and faience beads were found, which probably also come from Egypt. Vegetable and animal remains indicate a mixture of agriculture and livestock farming as the basis of existence. There were also two large cemeteries near the settlement. Except for jewelry, most of the graves were without gifts. Some of them were marked on the surface with large, undecorated steles.
literature
- Andrea Manzo: Eastern Sudan in its Setting, The archeology of a region far from the Nile Valley . Archaeopress, Oxford 2017, ISBN 9781784915582 , pp. 22-50
- Andrea Manzo: Eastern Sudan in the 3rd and 2nd Millenia BC. In: Dietrich Raue (Ed.): Handbook of Ancient Nubia. (De Gruyter Reference) De Gruyter, Berlin 2019, pp. 335–365
- Donatella Usai: Work in progress: the Gash Group Lithic Industry. In: Archeologie du Nil Moyen , Volume 9, 2002, pp. 183-193
Individual evidence
- ↑ Andrea Manzo, 2017