Gastrostoma

A gastrostoma ( Greek γαστήρ gaster "stomach, abdomen"; στόμα stóma , "mouth") is an opening in the stomach created through the abdominal wall . The creation of a gastrostomy is called a gastrostomy .

A gastrostomy was first described and successfully performed between 1846 and 1849 by the French surgeon Charles Emmanuel Sédillot.

indication

A gastrostoma allows artificial feeding in patients who cannot swallow and is an alternative to parenteral nutrition . Relatives can use it at home. If gastroesophageal reflux is present, the combination with an antireflux is necessary.

After major operations on the swallowing apparatus and esophagus, a temporary stoma can help heal better by means of temporary immobilization; it is also used for longer esophageal atresia as a bridge until the final operation.

In individual cases, the gastrostoma or the PEG serves as an outlet for stomach contents as an alternative to the nasogastric tube .

method

A gastrostomy can

surgically as a Kader or Witzel fistula
CT-controlled by interventional radiology

or

be done endoscopically.

The last form, the endoscopic system as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy , is the common procedure in Germany.

The world's first Gastrostomi e succeeded Daniel Schwabe in 1635 in Königsberg.

Complications

The following complications can occur:

Infections of the stomy site
Leak "Leak" into the abdominal cavity
Perforation through the inserted feeding tube.

literature

Roche Lexicon Medicine . 5th edition. Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-437-15072-3 ( online - also available here [accessed on February 25, 2014] keyword: gastrostomy).
M. Bettex, N. Genton, M. Stockmann (Eds.): Pediatric Surgery. Diagnostics, indication, therapy, prognosis. 2nd edition, Thieme 1982, ISBN 3-13-338102-4 .
W. Schuster, D. Färber (Ed.): Children's radiology. Imaging diagnostics. Springer 1996, ISBN 3-540-60224-0 .

Individual evidence

^ Charles Emmanuel Sédillot: Opération de gastrostomie pratiquée pour la première fois le November 13, 1849. In: Gaz. méd. Volume 9, (Strasbourg) 1849, pp. 366-377.
↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Sédillot, Charles Emmanuel. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1314 f.

[1] Charles Emmanuel Sédillot: Opération de gastrostomie pratiquée pour la première fois le November 13, 1849. In: Gaz. méd. Volume 9, (Strasbourg) 1849, pp. 366-377.

[2] Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Sédillot, Charles Emmanuel. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1314 f.