Gebr. Cruse & Co KG
| Special factory for electrical control devices Gebr. Cruse & Co. Gebr. Cruse & Co KG VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden |
|
|---|---|
| legal form | |
| founding | 1914 |
| resolution | 1990 |
| Reason for dissolution | Liquidation by the Treuhandanstalt |
| Seat | Dresden , Germany |
| management |
|
| Number of employees |
|
| Branch | mechanical engineering |
The Gebr. Cruse & Co KG is a former company in Dresden , whose successor operation, "VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden" by the 1990 Trust Agency was liquidated.
History until 1945
In August 1911, the factory director, who was born near Pilsen in 1866, founded a. D. Edmund Kussi and the brothers Johann and Friedrich Cruse, who lived in Dresden, founded the company " RHEOSTAT - Special Factory of Electrical Apparatus Edmund Kussi". The company was located at Freiberger Strasse 75. Edmund Kussi was also the owner of a dust removal machine shop at Waisenhausstrasse 24. In September 1913, the company moved to another production facility at Leipziger Strasse 31.
In 1914 the company founders parted ways. Edmund Kussi continued the company as the "RHEOSTAT special company for electrical apparatus Edmund Kussi". After the end of the First World War , in 1919/20 he acquired the semi-detached house in Großenhainer Strasse No. 130/132 in Dresden- Pieschen from gold leaf manufacturer Moritz Paul Müller and relocated his company headquarters there. The company's office was in the front building, the production rooms were in the back building. After the death of the company founder Edmund Kussi in 1935, his son, Dr. Victor Kussi, the company. As a Jewish citizen, he was expropriated by the Nazi state in 1938. After the Second World War, the Czech citizen Werner Kussi (* 1910; † 2010), also a son of Edmund Kussi, got the company back. Dr. Victor Kussi (* 1897, † 1944) and his mother Olga Kussi (* 1874, † 1945) were killed in the Auschwitz concentration camp .
In 1914, the brothers Johannes and Friedrich Cruse founded the “Special Factory of Electrical Control Apparatus Gebr. Cruse & Co.” and received the corresponding license with the trade license No. 1551 of November 15, 1914. Since 1916, her company has been located in the Wachsbleichstrasse No. 26/28 property in Dresden- Friedrichstadt , which she and the 80 employees initially dealt with “Arnhold and Petzoldt” (safe production), and a little later with the “Maschinenfabrik Kreiselrad” and the flower factory “Oscar Alexander & Co. ”had to share.
"After the death of Friedrich Cruse (1920), his brother hired the previous AEG chief designer Herman Wencken and gave him individual power of attorney. The production program included in the mid-1920s a. a. Star-triangle switch, flat starter, drum switch, regulator and ship's switchgear. ”When looking for new manufacturing sites,“ Cruse & Co. ”found what they were looking for on Lützowstrasse 5 in Dresden- Mickten , which has been named after the anti-fascist Franz Lehmann since 1946 . The Dresden cigarette factory "Kulenkampff & Co. GmbH" was previously located here. The move was completed in 1928, the new company address was now: “Special factory for electrical control devices Gebr. Cruse & Co.”, Dresden-N 30, Lützowstrasse No. 5. When Johannes Cruse died in 1931, his widow joined the company as a limited partner a.
"As a result of political events, u. a. The takeover of power by the National Socialists and the associated economic development increased the need for electrical switching devices. Sales increased to 290% in the period from 1928 to 1936. After the outbreak of World War II, it grew steadily. The associated need for labor was offset by foreign workers. The workforce increased from 160 in 1930 to 300 in 1939. This development required the establishment of a staff room and a canteen. ”For this purpose, the restaurant“ Zum Elbsalon ”(Kötzschenbroder Strasse 20) was acquired in 1939. The number of employees at the company "Cruse & Co.", which was largely spared from the Anglo-American air raids on Dresden in 1944/45, totaled 300 employees and 60 foreign workers in 1944.
History after 1945
“Since there was no need for electrical switching devices and control apparatus after the end of the war in May 1945, production, which had come to a standstill, was not started until June 1945. In addition to a small number of switchgear, electric irons, electric cookers and plates and much more were produced […] Although the company was busy with armaments contracts to a considerable extent, the dismantling of production equipment for the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) was limited to a minimum. The conversion of production to civilian needs was immediately possible. ”After a brief trusteeship administration, the company was finally expropriated and nationalized as a result of the referendum in Saxony (1946). The company is affiliated with Industrieverwaltung 4 , and the later art collector Friedrich Pappermann (1909–1995) became operations director until 1956 . As early as 1954, "in the course of the 'adjustment' of the production profiles and the more rational design of management processes in the national economy, the RHEOSTAT company was connected to VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden as Plant 6". From then on, VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden produced all kinds of electrical switchgear for the construction industry, elevator construction, shipbuilding, crane and plant engineering, for electrical medical and electronic devices as well as for household mixers and other consumer goods.
After the formation of the German Economic Commission (DWK) and the establishment of the Association of Publicly Owned Enterprises (VVB) at the beginning of 1948, the “Gebr. Cruse special factory for electrical control devices ”under the new company name“ VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden ”(VEB ESD) initially until 1959 of VVB Installation-Kabel-Apparate (IKA) in Leipzig, from 1960 to 1969 VVB Elektroapparate (EA) / VVB Automatisierungsgeräte (AG ) Berlin, from 1970 to 1975 assigned to the VEB Kombinat Schaltelektronik-Oppach and from 1975 to 1990 to the VEB Elektro-Apparate-Werke with the parent company Elektro-Apparate-Werke Berlin-Treptow "Friedrich Ebert" . “The concentration and rationalization of the national economy led in 1985 to the merger of VEB ESD with VEB Regelwerk Dresden on Grossenhainer Strasse No. 1-7, the former sewing and typewriter factory Clemens Müller . The new, legally independent company was run as VEB EAW Elektronik Dresden. "
After the unification of the two German states in 1990, VEB ESD, along with many others, was liquidated by the trust. “Contracts and production were taken over by companies with a similar or the same profile in the western federal states. Systems and buildings remained largely unused, were gradually destroyed and finally demolished. "
Individual evidence
- ↑ Herbert Marx (Dresden): company chronicle of VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden / using articles by Artur Mauerer, Gerhard Kießling, Erhard Schworm and Heinz Schrön as well as articles from the ESD company newspaper KONTAKT. Joint work of the “AG Industrial History of the City of Dresden 1945–1990” with the Dresden City Archives, September 2005, page 4
- ↑ Herbert Marx (Dresden): company chronicle of VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden / using articles by Artur Mauerer, Gerhard Kießling, Erhard Schworm and Heinz Schrön as well as articles from the ESD company newspaper KONTAKT. Joint work of the “AG Industrial History of the City of Dresden 1945–1990” with the Dresden City Archives, September 2005, page 4
- ↑ Herbert Marx (Dresden): company chronicle of VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden / using articles by Artur Mauerer, Gerhard Kießling, Erhard Schworm and Heinz Schrön as well as articles from the ESD company newspaper KONTAKT. Joint work of the “AG Industrial History of the City of Dresden 1945–1990” with the Dresden City Archives, September 2005, pages 4, 5
- ↑ Herbert Marx (Dresden): company chronicle of VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden / using articles by Artur Mauerer, Gerhard Kießling, Erhard Schworm and Heinz Schrön as well as articles from the ESD company newspaper KONTAKT. Joint work of the “AG Industrial History of the City of Dresden 1945–1990” with the Dresden City Archives, September 2005, page 5
- ↑ Herbert Marx (Dresden): company chronicle of VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden / using articles by Artur Mauerer, Gerhard Kießling, Erhard Schworm and Heinz Schrön as well as articles from the ESD company newspaper KONTAKT. Joint work of the "AG Industrial History of the City of Dresden 1945–1990" with the Dresden City Archives, September 2005, page 11
- ↑ Herbert Marx (Dresden): company chronicle of VEB Elektroschaltgeräte Dresden / using articles by Artur Mauerer, Gerhard Kießling, Erhard Schworm and Heinz Schrön as well as articles from the ESD company newspaper KONTAKT. Joint work of the “AG Industrial History of the City of Dresden 1945–1990” with the Dresden City Archives, September 2005, page 13
Coordinates: 51 ° 4 ′ 41 ″ N , 13 ° 42 ′ 44 ″ E