Gegisch

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The dialects of Albanian in southern and south-eastern Europe. The countered are marked in green.

The Gheg dialect (standard- Albanian Gegërishtja or short Gegë; self-description: Gegnishtja or Geg ) is one of two dialects of Albanian language . The speakers of this dialect - a total of around 3.4 million people - are called Gegen ( Gegët ). Gegisch is spoken throughout northern Albania, North Macedonia , Kosovo , Montenegro and southern Serbia . Also the Albanian of the small minorities in Bulgaria , Romania , Slovenia , Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia ( Zadar-Arbanasi ) is assigned to the Gegisch.

The border to the second dialect group, Tuskish , is formed by the ancient Via Egnatia and thus runs roughly along the Shkumbin River and the 41st parallel. A transition zone 10 to 20 kilometers wide runs south of the river. There are, however, considerable differences within the dialect group, especially between the dialects of north-western Albania and Kosovo. The response in North Macedonia is also very different from that in Albania and Kosovo. Gegisch and Tuskisch differ phonologically , grammatically and lexically .

There were also cultural and social differences between the Gegen and Tosken. The former were organized in tribal associations ( fis ), which in turn were grouped into clans and thus brought together the various landowners. The common law was at the counter more pronounced than in the Tosks. Their Kanun des Lekë Dukagjini was much more important in social life than with the Tosks.

Web links

Test Wikipedia on Gegisch

literature

  • Lumnije Jusufi: The Central Gian dialect group in Macedonia (=  Albanian research . Volume 30 ). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2011, ISBN 978-3-447-06563-4 (Dissertation University of Munich 2009, 229 pages + 1 CD [MP3 audio and ROM]).
  • Wolfgang Koeth, Saskia Drude: Kosovo-Albanian word for word, gibberish volume 221 . Edition Tirta, Bielefeld 2009, ISBN 978-3-89416-579-6 .
  • Franz Seiner: Results of the census in Albania in the area occupied by the Austro-Hungarian troops 1916–1918 . In: Writings of the Balkan Commission . tape 2 , no. 13 . Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1922.
  • Gustav Weigand : Albanian grammar in the southern Gian dialect . Leipzig 1913.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig: Albanian, Gheg. In: Ethnologue: Languages ​​of the World, Eighteenth edition. SIL International (Ethnologue) , 2015, accessed on April 9, 2015 .
  2. ^ Gordon, Raymond G., Jr: Ethnologue report for language code: aln. Albanian, Gheg. (No longer available online.) In: Ethnologue: Languages ​​of the World, Fifteenth edition. SIL International (Ethnologue) , 2005, archived from the original on April 13, 2015 ; accessed on April 9, 2015 .
  3. ^ Robert Elsie: Albanian dialects. Retrieved March 1, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Miranda Vickers: Shqiptarët - Një histori modern . Bota Shqiptare, 2008, ISBN 978-99956-11-68-2 , Mbërritja e osmanëve, p. 19 (English: The Albanians - A Modern History . Translated by Xhevdet Shehu).