Yellow meranti tree
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| Yellow meranti tree | ||||||||||||
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| Shorea faguetiana | ||||||||||||
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The yellow meranti tree ( Shorea faguetiana ) is a type of plant from the genus Shorea in the wing fruit family (Dipterocarpaceae). Its distribution area is Malaysia , Indonesia and Thailand .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Shorea faguetiana grows as a very large, evergreen tree and reaches an average height of 50–60 meters; the maximum height is 100 meters or more. The trunk diameter can be over 3 meters, the bark is gray-brownish. It forms buttress roots that can be several meters high. After a giant tree of this type with 94.1 m was already measured on Borneo in 2016 , another tree with a height of 100.8 m and an estimated mass of 81 t was identified in 2018. This makes the species one of the few trees that can reach a height of over 100 m.
Generative characteristics
The short-stalked, slightly shiny and leathery, smooth leaves are ovate, ovate to elliptical and pointed to pointed, with a smooth edge and pinnate veins. They are about 7–12 × 3–5 centimeters in size. New leaves do not appear in the years when fruit is produced.
The small, short-stalked, hermaphrodite, five-fold and fragrant flowers with a double inflorescence are in approximately 20 centimeters long, terminal or axillary, multi-flowered panicle inflorescences. On the cup-shaped flower base there are five, slightly hairy, later winged sepals. The elongated, cream-colored petals are arranged in the form of roof tiles at the base and twisted in the middle. The stamens are arranged in three circles. The elongated anthers have a filamentous process. Upper standing at slightly hairy (half), slightly recessed into the base of the flower ovary is a conical stylus pad with short stylus provided.
Multi-winged, ellisoid, solitary and orange-brownish, acuminate wing fruits (pseudosamara) are formed. The five, about 4.5–6 centimeters long, unevenly large, spatulate to elliptical and five-nerved wings are woody and also orange-brown, they are attached to the fruit base. The nuts without wings measure about 1.5 × 0.5 centimeters.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14
Taxonomy
The first description was made by Frédéric Louis Heim in 1891 in Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 422, 975. Synonyms are Shorea ridleyana King .
use
The medium-weight yellow meranti wood is very popular. As with many Shorea species, dammar resin can be obtained.
Danger
Due to the logging and reduction of the habitat, the population has declined sharply.
literature
- Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Paris. Volume 422, 1891, p. 975, archive.org .
- E. Soepadmo, KM Wong: Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. Volume Five, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 2004, ISBN 983-2181-59-3 , p. 253.
- The Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Botany, Volume 31, 1897, p. 95, online at biodiversitylibrary.org, accessed February 16, 2018.
Web links
- Shorea faguetiana from Useful Tropical Plants, accessed February 15, 2018.
- Yellow Meranti at Monumental Trees, Retrieved February 15, 2018.
- Shorea faguetiana on botanicalillustrations.org, accessed February 15, 2018.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Shorea faguetiana in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2017. Posted by: R. Pooma, M. Newman, M. Barstow, 2017. Accessed September 10, 2018th
- ^ Daniel Lingenhöhl: Giant discovered on Borneo . In: Spektrum.de . April 18, 2019.
- ↑ Jaboury Ghazoul: Dipterocarp Biology, Ecology, and Conservation. Oxford Univ. Press, 2016, ISBN 978-0-19-963965-6 , p. 180.
- ↑ Shorea faguetiana at KEW Science, accessed on October 8, 2018.