Community planning

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Under community planning to the forward-looking design and development of the area sees a community . It usually represents the lowest level within the tiered structure of spatial planning , which is carried out by public bodies (European Union, federal government, states, corporations at regional level such as regional associations, districts or districts, municipalities) - at the local level one speaks of "local planning ". The two special forms of community planning are urban planning for urban and village renewal for rural communities ( rural development ).

In the context of community planning, goals for spatial development are to be achieved. B. can be defined in terms of development, landscape or traffic, which must be implemented through appropriate measures. This includes u. a. the tools of land use planning are available in which z. B. the use of land ( zoning plan , zoning plan ) is determined within the municipality or the size and shape of the future development ( development plan ). In addition to these regulatory instruments, however, development instruments such as B. Subsidies for certain uses (local supply), investments, etc. are possible as community planning measures.

Community planning in Germany

In Germany, the zoning plan and the development plan are available to a municipality as spatial planning elements. The municipalities are responsible for drawing up these within the framework of local self- government. They are subject to the local supervision of higher administrative authorities and, in the case of a development plan, to the judicial review .

Community planning in Austria

In Austria, according to the federal constitution, municipal planning (local spatial planning) is a task within the municipalities' own sphere of activity . These are therefore autonomous in their decisions and are not bound by instructions to other regional authorities. However, there is supervision by the respective state governments, which can revoke or refuse municipal ordinances if the applicable legal provisions (regional planning laws) have not been complied with. In addition, there is an obligation in the context of local spatial planning to take into account the specifications of supra-local planning agencies (e.g. in the areas of state planning, water law, federal roads) and not to contradict them.

Since spatial planning generally falls within the competence of the federal states and, unlike Germany, no framework legislation can be passed by the federal government, there are nine different spatial planning laws, which in their system lead to similar conditions for local spatial planning, but very different regulations in detail exhibit. This concerns v. a. the naming and definition of certain contents (e.g. building land categories), which often differ greatly from one another and lead to great confusion within the federal territory.

All Austrian regional planning laws know the following as instruments of community planning:

  • local development concept (or spatial development concept, local spatial planning program, etc.)
  • Zoning plan
  • Development plan (and / or development guidelines)