Common hair snail

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Common hair snail
Common hair snail (Trochulus hispidus)

Common hair snail ( Trochulus hispidus )

Systematics
Superfamily : Helicoidea
Family : Tree slugs (Hygromiidae)
Subfamily : Trochulinae
Tribe : Trochulini
Genre : Trochulus
Type : Common hair snail
Scientific name
Trochulus hispidus
( Linnaeus , 1758)

The common hair snail ( Trochulus hispidus ) is a species of snail from the family of leaf snails (Hygromiidae), which belongs to the order of land snails (Stylommatophora). It is a small, very hidden species that is widespread in Central Europe.

features

Hair snail

The adult case measures 5 to 6 mm in height and 5 to 12 mm in width. It is flat-conical, the underside is flattened. However, the height of the cone is somewhat variable. There are 5.5 to 7 strongly arched whorls that increase regularly and form a clear seam. The umbilicus is open and varies in width from about 1/4 to 1/8 the diameter of the case. The mouth is inclined to the growth axis of the turn and is rounded to slightly elliptical. The underside is usually a little flattened and slightly bent. A threshold-like, almost straight lip is formed on the inside at the lower edge of the mouth. The shell is relatively thin-walled and translucent. The housing is gray-brown to reddish brown, the surface slightly shiny. It shows coarse, very irregular growth stripes and is covered with fine, curved hairs in the adult stage. In older specimens or in dead cases, the hair has often fallen off or shed, and in cases that have been lying on the ground for a long time, there is sometimes hardly a trace of these hairs left. As a rule, however, the attachment points of the hairs leave small depressions in the surface. The soft body of the animal is blackish.

Geographical occurrence and habitat

The species is common in almost all of Europe. It is only missing in northern Fennoscandia , northern Russia and on the southern Mediterranean islands. It occurs in sparse forests, bushes, rows of hedges, gardens and parks. However, it avoids extremely dry habitats. It lives here under old leaves, dead wood and on or on the ground of nettle stocks (Urticaceae).

Way of life and reproduction

The animals eat around 50% withered or dry plant material. Here are nettles preferred. But also mushrooms and fruits as well as flowers are occasionally eaten.

The animals become sexually mature before they reach their final size. The eggs are laid from May to September in groups of up to 17 in moist soil or on the underside of rotting leaves. The eggs are round, shiny and 1.3 to 1.5 mm in diameter. The development time is 17 to 26 days. The hatchlings have a housing with 1.5 turns. The animals reach an age of two years.

Systematics

The species was first scientifically described by Carl von Linné in 1758 under the name Helix hispida . It is the type species of the genus Trochulus Chemnitz, 1786. In the older literature, the species can often be found under the combination Trichia hispida . However, Trichia Hartmann was preoccupied in 1840 by Trichia De Haan in 1839. It was replaced by the older synonym Trochulus Chemnitz, 1786.

literature

  • Rosina Fechter, Gerhard Falkner: Mollusks. Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-570-03414-3 (Steinbach's natural guide 10), 287 pp.
  • Jürgen H. Jungbluth, Dietrich von Knorre: Common names of land and freshwater mollusks in Germany (Gastropoda et Bivalvia). In: Mollusca , 26 (1): 105–156, Dresden 2008, ISSN  1864-5127 , PDF
  • Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron, Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. Paul Parey, Hamburg / Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8 , 384 pp.
  • Ewald Frömming: Biology of the Central European Landgastropods. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1954, 404 pp.

Web links

Commons : Common hair snail ( Trochulus hispidus )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.iczn.org/BZNSept2004opinions.htm ( Memento from October 1, 2005 in the Internet Archive )