Health economy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Health economy can be understood as a collective term for all branches of the economy that have something to do with health . It is made up of various actors. The core area, also referred to as the first health market, includes in the narrower sense the area of ​​health care, which is largely characterized by statutory health insurance (GKV) and private health insurance (PKV), the state and other social insurance carriers. The German health economy is of considerable economic importance for the German economy. 5.6 million people worked there in 2017. This means that around one in eight employees worked in this sector. According to a further definition (including the wellness industry, health tourism, etc.), there were 7.6 million employees in 2018, i.e. every sixth employee.

classification

According to the German health economist Andreas Goldschmidt , both an almost completely regulated health market like in Great Britain and a largely deregulated market like in the USA lead to gaps in sustainable and comprehensive patient care . A mixed form of socially balanced, but also market economy or competition-oriented framework conditions, on the other hand, create an optimal supply. At the 1st National Health Industry Conference in 2005, it was formulated that the health industry encompasses the creation and marketing of goods and services that serve to maintain and restore health. While the term health care serves more to describe the extremely complex health care system of our health care, the health industry as a whole does not only include the predominantly publicly financed and state-regulated inpatient and outpatient care of sick people, which from an economic point of view makes up less than half of the entire health market in this industry. In addition to hospitals and rehab facilities also include medical care in home and specialist surgeries , the pharmaceutical industry , medical technology , health tourism, wellness and fitness industry.

Significance in Germany

The health economy is one of the largest sub-sectors of the German economy . 5.6 million people worked there in 2017. This means that around one in eight employees worked in this sector. According to a further definition (including the wellness industry, health tourism, etc.), there were 7.6 million employees in 2018, i.e. every sixth employee. That number is growing. However, the forces of the health market are subject to an emphatic state regulation with a large number of amendments or health reforms at the legislative level. a. in the Social Security Code for the past 30 years.

In 2018, 390.6 billion euros were spent on health, medical prevention and healing, which corresponds to 11.7 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) at the time . That was 4718 euros per person. In this respect, the health sector is considerably more important than, for example, the automotive industry with 0.9 million jobs and a share of 4.7 percent of GDP in 2016. Due to the growing importance in Germany, the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) provides the Health economy in its own "Health Satellite Account" (GSK) within the national accounts visible in all health-related areas. Responsibility in the BMWi lies in the area of ​​fundamental questions of the health economy and social services, which is headed by Ministerialrat Christian Lipicki.

Pharma

The pharmaceutical sector plays a major role in the health industry within and outside of immediate health care. Pharmaceutical expenditure is almost half that for the entire hospital sector and increased by 4.1% annually between 2004 and 2010. For the first time since 2004, the pharmaceutical expenses reimbursed by the statutory health insurances fell from 30.2 billion euros in 2010 to 29.1 billion euros in 2011. This corresponds to a decrease of 1.1 billion euros or minus 3.6%, caused by adjustments to the social legislation - SGB: manufacturer discounts 16 % instead of 6%, price moratorium, more discount agreements and higher pharmacy and wholesale discounts.

Importance in Austria

The private and public spending on health in Austria amounts to a little more than ten percent (2007: 10.1 percent) of the gross domestic product. A study by the Austrian Institute for Economic Research predicted an increase in employment of 2.4 percent per year in the healthcare system. For 2010, 324,000 employees were expected in the health care system. An increase in the market volume to 67.8 billion euros is predicted by 2020.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ AJW Goldschmidt : Leading the Global Game - M&A between Competitiveness and Conflicts. Lecture as "guest speaker" with round table discussion using the example of "health economy and logistics" or "health economy and logistics" on the occasion of the 9th symposium of the Organizational Forum Wirtschaftskongress e. V. on March 8, 2002 in the premises of the Cologne University of Applied Sciences.
  2. ↑ Health economy as a job engine. In: bundesgesundheitsministerium.de. Retrieved June 4, 2020 .
  3. ↑ AJW Goldschmidt, J. Hilbert: From the burden to the chance - the paradigm shift from the health system to the health economy . In: AJW Goldschmidt, J. Hilbert (Hrsg.): Health economy in Germany. The future industry . Volume 1 of the series of publications: Health Economics and Management. kma-Reader - The library for managers . Wikom-Verlag (Thieme), Wegscheid 2009, ISBN 978-3-9812646-0-9 , pp. 20-40.
  4. ^ H. Klinkmann: Report on the results of the “Healthcare Industry Conference 2005”. (PDF; 2.4 MB) p. 7.
  5. ^ AJW Goldschmidt: The "market" health system. In: M. Beck, AJW Goldschmidt, A. Greulich, M. Kalbitzer, R. Schmidt, G. Thiele (Eds.): Management Handbuch DRGs, Hüthig / Economica, Heidelberg, 1st edition 2003, ISBN 3-87081-300 -8 , p. C3720 / 1-24, with 3 revisions / additional deliveries until 2012.
  6. ↑ Health economy as a job engine. In: bundesgesundheitsministerium.de. Retrieved June 4, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Health expenditure by type of service Federal Statistical Office Germany, as of May 2020, accessed on June 4, 2020.
  8. ↑ DESTATIS: Press Release No. 139 of April 9, 2019. Accessed June 4, 2020 .
  9. ↑ K.-D. Henke et al: Creation of a satellite account for the healthcare industry in Germany. (PDF; 329 kB) BMWi, Berlin, 2009.
  10. ↑ B. Häusler, A. Höer, E. Hempel: Arzneimittel-Atlas 2012. ( Memento of the original from January 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Springer, Berlin a. a. 2012, ISBN 978-3-642-32586-1 . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.iges.de
  11. ↑ Overview - Health expenditure in Austria according to the System of Health Accounts (SHA) 1990–2015, in millions of euros Statistics Austria, accessed on May 2, 2017.
  12. ↑ Future market health & wellness ( Memento of August 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ; PDF; 418 kB) Study by Roland Berger Strategy Consultants, p. 6.