Czestochowa ghetto

Official notice of the General Government in Częstochowa dated September 24, 1942

Snow removal in the Czestochowa ghetto

Kozia Street (1944) in the Czestochowa Ghetto

The Czestochowa Ghetto was a ghetto established during the German occupation of Poland in the city of Czestochowa (pl. Częstochowa). During the entire Second World War , around 45,000 Jewish citizens and thus almost the entire Jewish population of Czestochowa were murdered and the synagogue was destroyed.

history

In 1939, almost 24,500 Jews lived in Czestochowa.

The Jewish ghetto was established on April 9, 1941. A total of around 48,000 Jews were forcibly relocated to the ghetto from the surrounding villages as well as from Lodsch , Płock and Krakow .

The dissolution of the ghetto began in September 1942 and around 40,000 people were taken to the Treblinka extermination camp . In Czestochowa, around 5,000 Jews remained in the so-called Small Ghetto.

The Small Ghetto was dissolved in March 1943 when the residents were taken to concentration camps. Around 4,000 Jewish workers remained in the city who worked in the HASAG armaments factory until the liberation by the Red Army on January 16, 1945.

On June 11, 1959, the Revieroberwachtmeister Wilhelm Unkelbach , the "horror of Czenstochau", was sentenced to seven times life imprisonment by the Hanau District Court for sevenfold murder . The accused were “31 independent acts of lust for murder and other low motives” against 30 Jewish men and women, including the crippled woman Wroclawski and the heavily pregnant Esther Ehrlich.

literature

• Czestochowa Jews in the Nazi Era . JewishGen. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
• Jewish history of Częstochowa Virtual Shtetl
• Nothing is forgotten! . The leaflet. May 10, 2010. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
• LG Frankfurt am Main, December 12, 1949 . In: Justice and Nazi crimes . Collection of German criminal judgments for Nazi homicidal crimes 1945–1966, Vol. V, edited by Adelheid L. Rüter-Ehlermann, CF Rüter . Amsterdam: University Press, 1970, No. 186, pp. 643–659. Abuse of Jewish prisoners and participation in the selection of old, sick and weak Jewish slave laborers who were subsequently shot in the Jewish cemetery in Czestochowa (July 1943)
• LG Hanau, June 11, 1959 . In: Justice and Nazi crimes . Collection of German criminal judgments for Nazi homicide crimes 1945–1966, Vol. XV, edited by Irene Sagel-Grande, HH Fuchs, CF Rüter . Amsterdam: University Press, 1976, No. 477, pp. 765–780. Shooting of several Jews from Czestochowa, and others. a. when the 'Great Ghetto' was dissolved on September 22, 1942 and when the 'Small Ghetto' was cleared on June 25, 1943. The Jews were deported to KL Treblinka or shot on the spot
• LG Schweinfurth, November 4, 1965 . In: Justice and Nazi crimes . Collection of German criminal judgments for Nazi homicidal crimes 1945–1966, Vol. XXII, edited by Irene Sagel-Grande, Adelheid L. Rüter-Ehlermann, HH Fuchs, CF Rüter . Amsterdam: University Press, 1981, No. 600, pp. 319–382 Subject matter of the proceedings: Individual shooting of 8 Jews during and after the liquidation of the Czestochowa ghetto.

Web links

Commons : Ghetto Częstochowa  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Ghetto Częstochowa Deathcamps.org
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Częstochowa (Czestochowa) . Virtual Shtetl . Archived from the original on February 23, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
3. ^ HG van Dam , Ralph Giordano (ed.): Concentration camp crimes before German courts , Frankfurt am Main: Europäische Verlagsanstalt 1962, pp. 511-583.

Coordinates: 50 ° 49 '  N , 19 ° 8'  E