Rail scales
A track scale is a railway system for weighing (weighing) railway vehicles . A distinction is made between static and dynamic track scales:
Static weighbridge, also track weighbridge called
Track bridge scales are used to weigh individual vehicles. As a rule, they are permanently installed close to the loading tracks , usually in a special weighing track. There are versions with and without a track break. In the case of a track bridge scale with a track interruption, the rails are in the area of the scale on the weighing bridge , they are separated at the ends and the scale is always in the weighing position. In the case of bridge scales without a track break, the rails run continuously over the edge of the scales pit. The weighing platform lies between the rail heads, it is relieved in its basic position and lowered without a profile . For weighing, after the vehicle to be weighed has been driven onto the area of the track scales, it is raised electrically, previously also by hand with the aid of a winch. The vehicle to be weighed then stands on the flange tops without touching the rail heads. During this time the scales may not be driven on, which is indicated by a protection signal or track blocking signal with the meaning “Stop! Driving ban ”is displayed.
Dynamic scale
Electronic sensors are built into the track . A distinction is made between systems with strain gauges (DMS) in the rail and so-called weighing sleepers. The DMS measures the deflection of the rail by the vehicle; thus the weight of the individual wheelset or bogie can be calculated from the specific deflection behavior of the rail . In the case of weighing sleepers there are sensors in the sleeper that determine the weight of the wheelset or bogie. Weighing can take place at a speed of approx. 10 km / h without stopping the individual car.
Dynamic track scales can also be built into continuous main tracks; here they are mainly used to diagnose imbalances on wheelsets. In some countries, for example in Russia and the USA, rail scales are also installed in the mountain tracks of overflow mountains . The wagon masses determined when overflowing are included in the control of the track brakes.
