Gostorg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A Gostorg (russ .: Gosudarstvennaja importno-éksportnaja torgovaja kontora) was a state import - and export - trading post of the way through Soviet Russia from April 1922 in all Union republics were established and major economic centers of the country.

The Soviet foreign trade monopoly serving the Gostorgi as organs of should the People's Commissariat of Foreign Trade (NKVT) according to the schedule it available for export provided goods and the sale of imported goods to state and private companies to carry out, with mainly the way a commission basis handover has been selected. Unlike in the case of direct organs, the state's exclusion of liability was ensured by the allocation of the rights of a legal person. In foreign markets, the Gostorgi were only allowed to act through the mediation of commercial agencies , a system that enabled the NKVT to have comprehensive control of business activities abroad. In 1925 they employed more than 3,000 workers and had to finance themselves from the profits made in the financial year, which required work according to commercial principles. Increasingly, however, companies such as the special foreign trade stock corporations took the place of the Gostorgi, which became meaningless after the reorganization of the Soviet foreign trade apparatus in 1930 and wound up in 1931.

The ramification of the Soviet state trade at the time of Gostorg was also thematized by Dziga Wertow's film One Sixth of the Earth (1926).

literature

  • Walter Hahn / Apastol von Lilienfeld-Toal: The new course in Russia: Economic laws of the Soviet government , Verlag Fischer in Komm, Jena 1923, p. 100 f.
  • Hubert Schneider: The Soviet foreign trade monopoly 1920-1925 , Verlag Wissenschaft und Politik, Cologne 1973, pp. 78–79, ISBN 3-8046-8471-8 .
  • Kaspar-Dietrich Freymuth: The historical development of the organizational forms of Soviet foreign trade (1917-1961) , in: Reports of the Eastern European Institute at the Free University of Berlin, Berlin 1963, p. 34 u. 69-70.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ John Quigley: The Soviet Foreign Trade Monopoly: Institutions and Laws , Ohio State University Press, Columbus 1974, p. 51.