Gran Sasso tunnel
| Traforo del Gran Sasso | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) The entrance to the tunnel near Assergi with the above-ground test laboratories of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
|
||||
| use | Road tunnel | |||
| traffic connection | Teramo - L'Aquila | |||
| place | Gran Sasso d'Italia | |||
| length | 10.176 m (direction Teramo), 10.173 m (direction L'Aquila) | |||
| vehicles per day | 5184 | |||
| Number of tubes | 2 | |||
| Largest coverage | 1000 m | |||
| construction | ||||
| Client | CO.GE.FAR. | |||
| building-costs | 1.7 trillion lire (877 million euros) | |||
| start of building | November 14, 1968 | |||
| planner | Alpina SpA | |||
| business | ||||
| operator | Strada dei Parchi SpA | |||
| release | 1st December 1984 | |||
| location | ||||
|
||||
| Coordinates | ||||
| Portal Assergi | 42 ° 25 ′ 3 ″ N , 13 ° 31 ′ 23 ″ E | |||
| Portal Colledara | 42 ° 28 ′ 52 " N , 13 ° 36 ′ 14" E | |||
Map with all coordinates: The Gran Sasso Tunnel ( Italian: Traforo del Gran Sasso ) is the longest twin-tube motorway tunnel in Europe. In it the Autostrada 24 runs between Teramo and L'Aquila in Abruzzo in Italy. The tunnel tubes are just over 10 km long.
history
Construction was approved in 1963 and work began on November 14, 1968. After the first seven years, the expansion was interrupted in 1975 by the economic crisis and only resumed in 1982. The first tube was opened to traffic on December 1, 1984 by the then Prime Minister Bettino Craxi , and in 1993 also the second tube, which had been completed a while earlier and used as an access route to systems in the mountain.
The originally estimated cost of the project was 80 billion Lire (41 million euros), the tunnel was then completed after 25 years of construction with over 1.7 trillion Lire (about 877 million euros).
During the construction of the Gran Sasso Tunnel there were several serious accidents in which a total of eleven people lost their lives. Among other things, on September 14, 1970, workers drowned while exposing an underground lake when the tunnel was flooded. Other workers were killed in accidents with the mine train and mine gas explosions.
Specialty
The Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), an underground test laboratory for elementary particle physics of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), is located in the tunnel's side facilities . The largest underground laboratory complex in the world consists of three large research halls (each 100 meters long, 20 meters wide and 18 meters high) and a bypass tunnel with a total volume of approx. 180,000 m 3 . The subterranean location favors sensitive radiation measurements due to the natural shielding against interference radiation, especially secondary cosmic radiation .
On an area of several hectares outside the tunnel in the national park on the slopes of the Gran Sasso mountain range, the management of the laboratory, offices and other laboratories and workshops as well as the data center are housed.
literature
- Pietro Lunardi, Piergiorgio Catalano: Gran Sasso. Il traforo autostradale . Gangemi Editore, Rome 2006, ISBN 88-492-0869-3 .
swell
- ↑ Cristian Trinchini: Tunnel del Gran Sasso: esempio di messa in sicurezza di una galleria stradale . In: Direzione generale della protezione civile e dei servizi antincendi (ed.): Antincendio: sicurezza sul lavoro-protezione civile Gennaio 2014 p. 78 PDF
- ↑ a b Gran Sasso, così il nacque traforo a doppia canna più lungo d'Europe. In: Strada dei Parchi. May 27, 2016, accessed May 28, 2020 (Italian, architectural history).