Granulosa cell tumor
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| C56 | Malignant neoplasm of the ovary |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
Granulosa cell tumors are tumors of the ovary with low malignant potency. They are counted among the mesenchymal and hormone-forming ovarian tumors.
Epidemiology
The maximum age of the disease is 45–55 years. They make up 1–2% of all ovarian tumors . There are two histological types, the juvenile and the adult granulosa cell tumors. The juvenile granulosa cell tumors can already develop in infants and children.
Symptoms
The mass generally leads to unspecific complaints such as a feeling of pressure and fullness, constipation or an increase in the circumference of the abdomen. Larger tumors can lead to a twisting of the stem , resulting in an acute abdomen .
In 25% of cases, estrogen formation occurs, which in women leads to glandular-cystic or adenomatous hyperplasia of the endometrium with possible intermenstrual bleeding , in girls to pseudo- puberty precociousness . Bleeding is also possible after menopause . Through the duration of estrogen stimulation of the endometrium can in 5-10% of endometrial carcinomas are triggered.
diagnosis
Gynecological examination, vaginal sonography , fractionated abrasion ( scraping ) to rule out a body carcinoma .
therapy
Surgical removal of the tumor and the affected ovary.
Chemotherapy can be performed for advanced tumors. Children and adolescents are treated as part of the MAKEI therapy study by the Society for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (GPOH).
forecast
The 10-year survival rate is around 90%. In the case of metastasis to the abdominal cavity or lymph nodes , the prognosis is worse.
literature
- M. Kirschbaum, K. Munstedt: Checklist gynecology and obstetrics. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart / New York 2005.
- DT Schneider, G. Calaminus, D. Harms, U. Göbel: Juvenile granulosa cell tumors and other germ line stromal tumors in childhood. In: The gynecologist. (2004); 37, pp. 815-812.
