Türing (artist family)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Türing (also Düring, Thüring, Turing) were a stonemason and master builder family of the 15th and 16th centuries that came from Memmingen in Swabia. Duke Sigmund von Tirol, the rich in coins (* 1427, † 1496) brought Niklas Türing the Elder , the founder of the artist family, from the Allgäu to the residence city of Innsbruck around 1480 .

The next client was Maximilian (* 1459; † 1519). His father, Emperor Friedrich III. (* 1415; † 1493) put Sigmund von Tirol under so much pressure that in 1490 he renounced his reign in Upper Austria (Habsburg) in favor of Maximilian . Upper Austria , which is not to be confused with today's federal state, comprised Tyrol , the Austrian foothills and the remaining ancestral lands on Swiss territory. Maximilian became Roman-German King in 1486 and Roman-German Emperor in 1508. He appointed Niklas Türing the Elder. Ä. to the court architect and gave u. a. the order for the Golden Roof , 1497–1500.

Between 1515 and 1520, the Türing workshop developed its own style in the fields of architecture and building sculpture, which marks the transition from Gothic (Middle Ages) to Renaissance (modern times) in numerous Innsbruck court buildings . Examples are: the Hofkirche , 1549 and patrician houses such as Trautsonhaus, 1541; Prechthaus, 1541; Helblinghaus , 1560.

Artistically significant family members and works

  • Niklas Türing the Elder († 1517 in Innsbruck); active in Innsbruck from 1480
    • Gregor Türing (* around 1475; † 1543); Has worked as a master craftsman in Innsbruck since 1503, initially in the workshop of his father Niklas Türing the Elder. Ä., With whom he worked on the Golden Roof, and later independently.
      • Niklas Türing the Younger († 1558 in Innsbruck); first appeared as a master builder in the 1540s and was only accepted into the bourgeoisie as a citizen's son in 1548

Niklas Türing the Elder was a stonemason, sculptor and builder of the late Gothic period. His works can be found in Swabia and especially in Innsbruck and other parts of Tyrol. In Innsbruck he built the Golden Roof with the reliefs with his son Gregor. He created the figure of the giant castle Haidl, currently installed in the old town hall next to the city tower, for the giant castle house in Hofgasse. In various parts of Tyrol, the coat of arms of Nikolaus Türing the Elder come from, for example in Tratzberg Castle and at the Münzertor in Hall.

As a stonemason, sculptor and master builder, Gregor Türing counts towards the transition from Gothic to Renaissance. With many houses he shaped the image of Innsbruck's old town that still exists today in the period from 1510 to 1540 in the style transition from Gothic to Renaissance. Most of the old town houses are basically from the Gothic period, with portals, window frames and oriel decorations showing the stylistic features of the Renaissance.

Some of his works include: a. the portals at the Trautsonhaus and Burgriesenhaus, the oriel decorations at the Trautsonhaus and other details. Gregor Türing also created the lower row of coats of arms at the Golden Roof (Styria, Austria, Hungary, Imperial Eagle, Royal Eagle, Burgundy, Milan and Tyrol).

Niklas Türing the Younger was a master stonemason and mason and began building the court church under the supervision of the Trento architect Andrea Crivelli. But he died unexpectedly in 1558.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Web German Biographical Encyclopedia
  2. ↑ see Lit Austria Forum
  3. ↑ a b see web Schöpferhaus
  4. ↑ a b c see web builder family Türing