Court Church (Innsbruck)
The Roman Catholic Court Church is located in the center of Innsbruck , on the edge of the old town. It is also called the Franciscan Church or the Schwarzmander Church ( Schwarzmander = black men). It was in the years from 1553 to 1563 as a site for the tomb of Emperor Maximilian I built. The monarch , who died in 1519, was buried in the castle of Wiener Neustadt . It is connected to the Tyrolean Folk Art Museum and one of the five houses of the Tyrolean state museums .
history
The court church and the adjoining Franciscan monastery were built between 1553 and 1563 under Maximilian's grandson, Emperor Ferdinand I (1503–1564), and consecrated to the Holy Cross. From the beginning she was a place to put the ceremonial tomb of Emperor Maximilian I planned.
The plans for the three-aisled hall church were provided by the Trento architect Andrea Crivelli. The builder was Nikolaus Türing the Elder. J., whose grandfather, who came from Memmingen, created the Golden Roof , and after Türing's death, Marx della Bolla. The renaissance portal of the court church was made by the stonemasons Hieronymus de Longhi and Anton del Bon.
Archduke Ferdinand II had the court church refurbished and, from 1577 to 1578, the silver chapel was built as a burial chapel.
On November 3, 1655, after her abdication, the former Swedish Queen Christina of Sweden publicly converted to the Catholic faith .
Most of the stucco work preserved in the court church today dates from the end of the 17th century.
The high altar was built from 1755 to 1758 based on a design by the Viennese court architect Nikolaus von Pacassi . It is flanked by the lead-cast statues of St. Francis of Assisi and St. Theresa of Avila , which were created in 1768 by the Innsbruck court sculptor Balthasar Ferdinand Moll .
Furnishing
Tomb of Maximilian I.
The interior of the church is dominated by the empty tomb of Emperor Maximilian I , around which 28 larger-than-life bronze figures are grouped. The tomb was commissioned by Maximilian I (1459–1519) during his lifetime for the St. George's Chapel in the castle in Wiener Neustadt , but it remained unfinished. It was only his grandson, Emperor Ferdinand I , who had the magnificent tomb brought to Innsbruck and erected as a cenotaph in the court church he had built especially for it. The tomb in its present form was not completed until 1584 under Archduke Ferdinand II (1529–1595).
Emperor Maximilian's tomb, behind it the Mauracher organ
View through the nave to the choir
Choir with choir stalls and high altar
High altar
Bronze figures (Schwarzmander)
More tombs
The freedom fighter Andreas Hofer has been buried in the Hofkirche since 1823 ; his tomb is in the left aisle and was made according to a design by the painter Johann Martin Schermer . Hofer's grandson Joseph (1823-1848) fell in the run-up to the Battle of Goito and was buried in the court church in 1851. Andreas Hofer's comrades-in-arms Josef Speckbacher , Joachim Haspinger and Kajetan Sweth are also buried here, as has Georg Hauger since 1935 , who in 1823 brought Hofer's remains from Mantua to Tyrol.
The tomb of Katharina Loxan, an aunt of Philippine Welser, is located above the staircase to the “Silver Chapel” attached to the court church . The sarcophagus was made by Alexander Colin, the wrought iron grille was made by Paulus Kien (1582).
Andreas Hofer's tomb
Stairway to the "Silver Chapel"
Katharina Loxan's tomb
Vault of the court church
Silver chapel
The "Silver Chapel" is located on the floor above the church and is located above the former moat (now a passage). Archduke Ferdinand II had it built between 1577 and 1578 by court architect Hans Lucchese as a burial chapel for himself and his wife Philippine Welser and expanded in 1587. The chapel, named after the "silver altar" with the silver-chased Madonna and her symbols, consists of two rooms separated by a grid. In addition to the two marble tombs of Alexander Colin, it houses an Italian organ (~ 1580) with almost exclusively wooden pipes ( Organo di legno ). Restorations were carried out in 1993 and 1998 (Pierpaolo Donati and Jürgen Ahrend ).
Organs
There are two organs in the Hofkirche, one by Jörg Ebert and one by Hans Mauracher:
- The swallow's nest organ of the Hofkirche was built by Jörg Ebert between 1555 and 1561. It has 15 stops on two manuals and an attached pedal . It is the largest, almost intact renaissance organ in Austria - see Ebert organ of the Innsbruck Court Church .
- The organ on the northern gallery of the Hofkirche was built around 1900 by Hans Mauracher. It has a pneumatic action and 23 stops on two manuals and pedal. The instrument was restored in 2005.
Franciscan monastery Innsbruck
A Franciscan monastery is attached to the Hofkirche . The Franciscans are responsible for pastoral care in this church and in the faithful. The Franciscan monastery around the center of Innsbruck is the seat of the provincial of the Tyrolean Franciscan Province with its monasteries and branches in North, South and East Tyrol, in Salzburg, Carinthia and in Upper Austria.
Visit to the church
The main entrance is on Universitätsstrasse, diagonally opposite the Innsbruck Hofburg .
However, access to the church is only possible through the attached folk art museum of the Tyrolean State Museum against payment of an entrance fee.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Würmer, P. Wolfhard, Guardian of the Franciscan Monastery Innsbruck: The Court Church of Innsbruck (short guide)
- ^ Johann Jakob Staffler : Tirol and Vorarlberg, topographical with historical remarks , Volume 1, Felician Rauch, Innsbruck 1841, p. 272, full text in the Google book search
- ↑ Constantin von Wurzbach : Hofer, Andreas . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 9th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1863, pp. 134–152 ( digitized version ).
literature
- Gottfried Primisser : Monuments of art and antiquity in the Church of the Holy Cross in Innsbruck . Wagner, Innsbruck 1812. ( digitized version )
- Norbert Hölzl: The golden age. The dream of Emperor Maximilian 1502–2002, The largest imperial monument of the West , Edition Tirol 2001, ISBN 3-85361-064-1 .
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 16 '6.2 " N , 11 ° 23" 42.9 " E