Great stone grave Spier
| Great stone grave Spier Hunebed D54a | |||
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 48 '30.3 " N , 6 ° 28' 40.8" E | ||
| place | Midden-Drenthe , OT Spier , Drenthe , Netherlands | ||
| Emergence | 3470 to 2760 BC Chr. | ||
| van Giffen no. | D54a | ||
The large stone grave Spier was a megalithic grave complex of the Neolithic western group of the funnel cup culture in Spier , a district of Midden-Drenthe in the Dutch province of Drenthe . Its remains were discovered in 1921. It bears the Van Giffen number D54a.
location
The grave was about 1 km southeast of Spier.
Research history
The remains of the grave were discovered in 1921 by W. Beyerinck, who carried out excavations in the same year and in 1923. In 1949 the facility was completely excavated by Albert Egges van Giffen .
description
When it was discovered, only an oval pit 10 m long and 4 m wide was left of the grave. Five larger and several smaller stones could be found. The investigation showed that the burial chamber was oriented northeast-southwest and had a length of about 8 m. Because of these dimensions, like almost all large stone graves in the Netherlands, it was probably a passage grave. The chamber originally had four pairs of wall stones on the long sides and one end stone each on the narrow sides. The remains of a corridor could not be identified. The mound was round and about 16 m in diameter. Outside the chamber, at the presumed access, finds were recovered in five places that came from subsequent burials or ritual burials .
Finds
More than 4200 ceramic shards of the funnel cup culture were recovered from the grave. A special feature are 18 fragments of baking plates that are otherwise known from any other large stone grave in the Netherlands. The pottery dates from levels 2–7 of the typological system of the Western Beaker Group established by Anna Brindley . This corresponds to the period 3470–2760 BC. Further ceramic finds come from the end of the Neolithic and can be assigned to the individual grave culture and the bell-cup culture .
literature
- Jan Albert Bakker : A list of the extant and formerly present hunebedden in the Netherlands. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 30, 1988, pp. 63-72 ( online ).
- Jan Albert Bakker: The Dutch Hunebedden. Megalithic Tombs of the Funnel Beaker Culture. International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor 1992, ISBN 1-87962-102-9 .
- Jan Albert Bakker: Megalithic Research in the Netherlands, 1547-1911. From 'Giant's Beds' and 'Pillars of Hercules' to accurate investigations. Sidestone Press, Leiden 2010, ISBN 9789088900341 , pp. 225-226 ( online version ).
- Albert Egges van Giffen : De Hunebedden in Nederland. 3 volumes. Oosthoek, Utrecht 1925.
- Evert van Ginkel , Sake Jager, Wijnand van der Sanden: Hunebedden. Monuments van een steentijdcultuur. Uniepers, Abcoude 1999, ISBN 978-9068252026 , p. 198.
- Jan N. Lanting: De NO-Nederlandse / NW-Duitse Klokbekergroep: culturele achtergrond, typologie van het aardewerk, datering, verspreiding en grafritueel. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 49/50, 2007/2008 (2008), pp. 265-267 ( online ).
- W. Meeüsen: Het verdwenen hunebed D54a bij Spier, acc. Hatching. Dissertation, Groningen 1983.
- Nynke de Vries: Excavating the Elite? Social stratification based on cremated remains in the Dutch hunebedden. Master thesis, Groningen 2015 ( online ).
Web links
- hunebeddeninfo.nl: D54a / Spier (Zuidhaar), gemeente Midden-Drenthe
Individual evidence
- ^ Anna L. Brindley: The typochronology of TRB West Group pottery. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 28, 1986, pp. 93-132 ( online ).
- ^ Annual figures corrected according to Moritz Mennenga : Between Elbe and Ems. The settlements of the funnel beaker culture in northwest Germany (= early monumentality and social differentiation. Volume 13). Habelt, Bonn 2017, ISBN 978-3-7749-4118-2 , p. 93 ( online ).