Guanarteme

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Guanarteme was the name of the head of the Canarios , the indigenous people of the island of Gran Canaria . It is often translated as king , prince , captain or ruler . The Spanish term Guanartemato to designate the territory of a Guanarteme comes from the 20th century. In historical literature, the term Reino (Reich) is commonly used.

The island of Gran Canaria is divided into the Guanartematos Galdar (yellow) and Telde (red). The area shown in orange is assigned differently in the chronicles.

Rulers on the island of Gran Canaria

Until the second half of the 14th century, the island was divided into twelve independent areas. In 1375 Gumidafe, the leader of the tribal district of Tejeda, subjugated the other eleven Gayres , the leaders of the tribal districts of the island, in a warlike action and made himself Guanarteme. Gumidafe died in 1403. His eldest son, Artemís, who succeeded him as Guanarteme, was killed in 1414 fighting the troops of European conquerors. Thereupon the second eldest son of Gumidafe, Asemidán, took over the government. He lived until around 1435/1440. He was followed by his two sons who divided the island into two kingdoms, one with the capital Gáldar and one with the capital Telde . Around 1460, the empires passed to the respective sons of the rulers. When the Guanarteme of Gáldar died without an adult successor, the Guanarteme of Telde took control of the entire island. When he died, his nephew Tenesor Semidán succeeded him as the only Guanarteme on the island of Gran Canaria. In February 1482 he was captured by the Castilian conquerors and sent to Castile , where he was introduced to Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand . After he was baptized in the name of his godfather, the king, by Cardinal Pedro González de Mendoza , he was given the first name Ferdinand (Fernando) and his family name was Guanarteme. After his return to Gran Canaria, he supported the Castilian conquerors by making the Canarios, who had retired on the Fortaleza de Ansite, give up. This surrender on April 28 or 29, 1483 is considered to be the conclusion of the conquest of the island of Gran Canaria.

Organs of government

The Guanartemes were advised by a noble assembly , the Sábor . This assembly had about 190 to 200 members. This body was the main body of justice on the island. The chairmanship was held by the Fáyak (also known as the Faican), who performed priestly duties. He was the second authority after the Guanartemes. He mostly came from the Guanartemes family. The Guanartemes were probably only of minor importance for the practice of religion.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Juan Álvarez Delgado: Instituciones políticas indígenas de la isla de Gran Canaria Guaires y cantones. Guanartemes y reinos . In: Anuario de estudios atlánticos . No. 28 , 1982, ISSN  0570-4065 , pp. 269 (Spanish, [1] [accessed February 13, 2017]).
  2. ↑ Juan Álvarez Delgado: Instituciones políticas indígenas de la isla de Gran Canaria Guaires y cantones. Guanartemes y reinos . In: Anuario de estudios atlánticos . No. 28 , 1982, ISSN  0570-4065 , pp. 290 f . (Spanish, [2] [accessed February 13, 2017]).
  3. ↑ Manuel Lobo Cabrera: La conquista de Gran Canaria (1478-1483) . Ediciones del Cabildo de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 2012, ISBN 978-84-8103-653-4 , p. 103 ff . (Spanish).
  4. ↑ Juan Álvarez Delgado: Instituciones políticas indígenas de Gran Canaria - El sábor . In: Anuario de estudios atlánticos . No. 27 , 1981, ISSN  0570-4065 , pp. 37 ff . (Spanish, [3] [accessed February 13, 2017]).

literature

Juan Álvarez Delgado : Instituciones políticas indígenas de la isla de Gran Canaria. Guaires y cantones. Guanartemes y reinos . In: Anuario de estudios atlánticos . No. 28 , 1982, ISSN  0570-4065 , pp. 265–342 (Spanish, [4] [accessed February 13, 2017]).

Juan Álvarez Delgado: Instituciones políticas indígenas de Gran Canaria - El sábor . In: Anuario de estudios atlánticos . No. 27 , 1981, ISSN  0570-4065 , pp. 27-70 (Spanish, [5] [accessed February 13, 2017]).