Hematopoietic growth factors

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Hematopoietic growth factors are glycoproteins that regulate the proliferation and differentiation of blood progenitor cells and the function of mature blood cells . The biological effects of these growth factors are mediated by specific receptors on the target cells. They can act locally at the site of their formation through intracellular contacts or circulate in the plasma . Haematopoietic growth factors are effective in different stages of haematopoiesis (blood formation). Haematopoietic growth factors include erythropoietin and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor ( G-CSF ).

Therapeutic use

While interleukins such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-3, IL-6 and IL-11 activate a broad spectrum of cells, the granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), the granulocyte-monocyte-colony-stimulating factor (GM- CSF), erythropoietin (EPO) and thrombopoietin (TPO) are used for the rapid regeneration of line-specific cell populations.

G-CSF (filgrastim, lenograstim [glycosylated], pegfilgrastim) and GM-CSF (molgramostim, sargramostim [glycosylated]) promote the formation and differentiation of precursor cells of granulo- and monocytopoiesis, and the functions of mature neutrophil granulocytes are activated and their emigration from the bone marrow into the bloodstream. In this way, G-CSF and GM-CSF reduce the decrease in neutrophil granulocytes and shorten the duration of neutropenia after chemotherapy .

Erythropoietin (EPO) stimulates the formation of erythrocytes from precursor cells of the stem cell compartment. Erythropoiesis-stimulating factors (ESF) stimulate the growth and differentiation of progenitor cells and cause a dose-dependent increase in erythrocytes, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood. As a therapeutic agent, biotechnologically produced erythropoietin is mainly used in the treatment of anemia in dialysis patients in whom blood formation is impaired as a result of kidney failure and after aggressive chemotherapy cycles.

literature

  • CA Sieff: Hematopoietic growth factors. In: The Journal of clinical investigation. Volume 79, Number 6, June 1987, pp. 1549-1557. doi : 10.1172 / JCI112988 . PMC 424464 (free full text).

swell

  1. ↑ Hoff Brand AV Basic Course hematology, Blackwell Publishing, 2nd edition of 2003.
  2. ↑ DGHO (2008) Treatment with haematopoietic growth factors .