Hahoe
| Hahoe | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Korean alphabet : | 하회 | |||
| Chinese characters : | 河 回 | |||
| Revised Romanization : | Hahoe | |||
| McCune-Reischauer : | Hahoe | |||
| Basic data | ||||
| Province : | Gyeongsangbuk-do | |||
| Coordinates : | 36 ° 32 ' N , 128 ° 31' E | |||
| Surface: | 4.995 km² | |||
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Hahoe ( 하회 ) is a historic village in Gyeongsangbuk-do ( 경상북도 ) province on the south coast of South Korea .
Name meaning
The name Hahoe is derived from the Chinese 河 回 and literally means the loop of the river or the river loop .
geography
Hahoe is located 19 km west of Andong ( 안동시 ), directly on the Nakdonggang River ( 낙동강 ). The village, which is enclosed in an arc to the south, west and north of the river, has an area of 499.5 hectares. To the northeast of the village is the 271 m high mountain Hwasan ( 화산 ) with its valleys and to the south on the other side of the river there is an extensive mountain landscape. The village itself, next to which there is farmland to the west, is around 80 m above sea level. The village is connected to the expressway 55 via two country roads .
history
Hahoe was the village of the Ryu clan ( 류 ), an influential family in the Andong region. The village was founded at the end of the Goryeo period ( 고려 ) (918-1392) in the 13th century by Ryu Jong-hye ( 류 종혜 ) on Nakdonggang. During the Joseon period, many famous politicians and scholars came from the village and from the 16th century the village was known as the origin of the aristocratic clan that had great influence in the south-eastern region of the country.
In 1751 Hahoe was mentioned in Taengniji ( 탱 니지 ), a work on the geography of the country, as being extremely favorable for settlement and in 1931 it was known as one of the four best places in the southern part of the Korean peninsula . With a size of almost 500 hectares and 124 households, the village was larger than average, as the average number of households in villages at that time was between 60 and 70 households. The houses were also made larger than comparable ones in other villages.
In 1916 the village got a primary school and in 1939 a church at the entrance to the village. In 1991, however, the primary school was closed again, as many villagers preferred to move to the city in the 1980s. In the 1990s, some residents came back and built new houses in traditional Korean style. The village is still inhabited today, but can be visited by tourists for an entrance fee. In the years up to 2007, there were an average of over 800,000 visitors a year.
Hahoe Byeolsingut Talnori
The Hahoe Byeolsingut Talnori ( 하회 별신 궅 탈 노리 ) is a Korean mask dance that originated in the village of Hahoe. The residents of the village maintained rites that worshiped divine beings who supposedly protected the village. The name Byeolsingut refers to a special shamanistic ritual that was held in Hahoe every five years or ten years.
The dance consists of eight scenes, with the last two scenes being intended to placate the protective spirit or God. The Hahoe Byeolsingut Talnori is one of the oldest known mask dances in Korea. Eleven of his masks have survived and date from the Goryeo Dynasty. They are kept in the National Museum of South Korea. The wooden masks embody the following characters: Gaksi (the bride), Yangban (the nobleman), Seonbi (the scholar), Bune (the flirtatious young woman), Jung (the Buddhist monk), Baekjeong (the butcher), Halmi (the old woman), Choraengi (the noble's servant), two juji (lions) and the unfinished mask Imae (the scholar's mad servant).
UNESCO World Heritage Site
In July 2010, the 34th General Assembly of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in Brazil declared the historic village of Hahoe, which is listed in South Korea as Cultural Property No. 122, together with the historic village of Yangdong ( 양동 ) under the name of Historic Villages of Hahoe and Yangdong as a cultural heritage site in added to the UNESCO World Heritage List . The protected area of Hahoe includes the entire there with its 499.5 hectares, another 566.1 hectares are designated as a buffer zone to the east. In addition, the Byeongsanseowon Confucian Academy , which covers 1.7 hectares and is 3 km east of the village, was added to the list.
literature
- Cultural Heritage Administration - Republic of Korea (Ed.): Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . For Inscription on the World Heritage List . Seoul 2010 (English, online [PDF; accessed February 27, 2016] 459.7 MB).
- National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage (ed.): Tal and Talchum . Daejeon October 31, 2011 (English, Talchum: Evoking an Intrinsic Sense of Joy [PDF; 1.4 MB ; accessed on February 28, 2016]).
Web links
- Homepage . 안동 하회(河 回)마을,Retrieved February 27, 2016(Korean).
Individual evidence
- ^ Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . 2010, p. 49 .
- ↑ a b Hahoe Village. Andong Hahoe folk village . Retrieved February 27, 2016 .
- ^ A b Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . 2010, p. 17-22 .
- ^ Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . 2010, p. 3 (Appendix 1) .
- ^ Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . 2010, p. 46 .
- ^ Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . 2010, p. 47 .
- ^ Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . 2010, p. 127 f .
- ^ Nomination of Historic Villages of Korea Hahoe and Yangdong . 2010, p. 188 .
- ↑ a b National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage (ed.): Tal and Talchum . 2011, p. 89-105 .
- ↑ World Heritage. Andong Hahoe folk village . Retrieved February 27, 2016 .