Halai Aixonides

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Halai Aixonides ( ancient Greek Ἁλαὶ Αἰξωνίδες = salt pans of Aixone ) in ancient times was a demos in Attica . He was one of the reforms of Cleisthenes the tribe Kekropis in this for Paralia- trittys ( "coastal thirds"). The demos provided six, later ten members for the Bule .

location

The demos was on the site of what is now the Athens suburbs of Voula and Vouliagmeni . To the north was the Demos Aixone and to the east Anagyrus . He is considered one of the best-researched demes. Since the soil is not very fertile, there was hardly any agriculture and no large settlements emerged. So the ancient foundation walls were preserved. When the settlements grew around 1964, the new building land was first examined archaeologically. Because of this, the extent of Halai Aixonides is precisely known.

description

The oldest finds come from the Early Helladic era . These are pottery shards found on the Mikro Kavouri peninsula . Presumably a settlement from that time was located here. Ioannis Papadimitriou discovered more than twelve Mycenaean chamber tombs from the Late Helladic period (SH III A - C) on the northern outskirts of Voula (Prigkipos Petrou and Athanasiou Diakou) in the years 1954–1957 .

The ancient city was arranged irregularly and the street width varied between 2.50 and 4 m. In 1974/5 several houses and three small temples were discovered on the hill of Kalambokas. The properties were partially surrounded by a wall. The houses had a round tower with a diameter of 8 m. The best preserved house is around 500 m east of the 45 m high hill. About 250 m south of the hill, a complex of houses from the classical period was discovered in the 2000s. It comes from the 5th – 4th centuries. Century BC has a size of about 1500 m² and consists of twelve rooms, a sanctuary and a fountain. A bronze plate was also found with the inscription ΔΙΟΝΥΣΙ ΑΛΑΕ, which clearly assigns the area to the Demos Halai Aixonides.

About 1 km southeast on the Kastraki hill was a small castle measuring 100 x 20 m. It had a wall thickness of 1.20 m. It is probably the Acropolis of Halai Aixonides. The temple of Apollon Zoster is the main sanctuary of the demos. It was on the isthmus of the Mikro Kavouri peninsula. The remains of a Ptolemaic fortress from the time of the Chremonideic War (267-261 BC), built by Admiral Patroclus , were also found on the peninsula .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Strabo , Geographica 9,1,21 (p. 398)
  2. ↑ CYA : Excavations at Aixonidai Halai (Voula): January 9–23, 2017 ( online )
  3. ↑ Erwin Freund: Vuliagmeni. In: Siegfried Lauffer : Greece. Lexicon of historical sites from the beginning to the present. CH Beck, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-406-33302-8 .

Coordinates: 37 ° 50 ′ 10 ″  N , 23 ° 46 ′ 37 ″  E