Trade mill
A trading mill is a trading company that first buys grain with its own funds “for its own account ” , then grinds it in the company's own mill and finally sells ( trades ) the flour products obtained .
history
The commercial mills differ from the mostly smaller, so-called “customer” or “ wage mills ”, which grind the grain remaining in the ownership of their customers or clients and receive a predetermined remuneration , the so-called “grinding wages ”, for the work done. In earlier times this was paid for with a share of the grain delivered, but at the latest at the beginning of the 20th century it was paid almost exclusively in cash.
Commercial milling replaced contract milling across the board in the 19th century for several reasons, with a few exceptions: The direct exchange procedure did not meet the requirements of suppliers who wanted to sell large quantities of grain as quickly as possible after the harvest. For larger, industrial bakeries such as biscuit manufacturers, the direct exchange of grain / flour was unthinkable and uneconomical. They needed a sufficient supply for production. The markets in Germany opened up after the establishment of the empire because the customs barriers fell and larger sales areas were available, which in turn required large production capacities. In mill technology, compact grinders with modern drives were developed, which could cope with considerably more than just the quantities delivered in bags. All this led to the fact that storage buildings for grain and flour were built next to the mills and large amounts of capital were required for construction and operation.
A process of concentration has taken place since the 20th century and continues to this day, in which holding companies operate, buy and sell several mills. Since flour products are increasingly required for other industrial purposes (see Hedwigsburger Okermühle ), the milling industry is developing into a food raw material supplier .
Well-known trading mills
- Art and trade mill Hans Mayer , abandoned mill in Lower Austria in 1963, converted for residential purposes
- Rüningen mill in Braunschweig , notarized since 1312, from 1895 a model mill of the Luther works , today's daily output 1200 tons.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Arndt: Handelsmühle . In: Otto Lueger : Lexicon of the entire technology and its auxiliary sciences , Vol. 4, Stuttgart, Leipzig: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1906., p. 769; online via Zeno.org
- ^ Hermann Nolte: History of the mill Rüningen Aktiengesellschaft in Wilhelm Bornstedt: Chronicle of the Pfahldorfes Rüningen , Braunschweig 1980, p. 145.
- ^ The industrial legacy of Lower Austria. History - Technology - Architecture , Vienna; Cologne; Weimar: Böhlau, 2006, ISBN 3-205-77460-4 , p. 834 and others; online through google books .