Rüningen mill
| Rüningen mill
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 General view of the mill site from the north in September 2014 |
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 16 '22 " N , 10 ° 29' 40" E | |
| Location | Lower Saxony , Braunschweig , district Rüningen | |
| Waters | Oker | |
| Built | 1312 first mentioned | |
| Status | Wheat mill with a daily output of 1,200 t | |
| technology | ||
| use | Flour mill | |
| drive | Watermill , from 1879 steam mill | |
| Website | http://www.muehle-rueningen.de | |
The Rüningen mill has been a notarized mill location in the Rüningen district of Braunschweig since 1312 . The mill , which originated as a water mill on the Oker , was developed into an industrial trading mill in the 19th century and still produces today for a supraregional market. It is the oldest traditional Brunswick industrial enterprise and an important part of Brunswick mill construction history.
location
The mill site is located in the Okeraue near the federal highway 248 , which runs through Rüningen and is connected to the federal highway 39 in the local area . Until the Oker regulation in the 1960s, the Oker flowed through the area and was dammed at the mill weir. Since then, the water level above the mill at the Rüninger Weir has been regulated and only a partial stream flows under the still-preserved mill buildings through to the South Sea area .
history
Contract milling up to the 19th century
The mill is mentioned for the first time in 1312 in the degeding book of the city of Braunschweig. She was owned by the Dukes of Brunswick, the 1318 John of Valenberg and 1344 Jordan of Neyndorf with her mortgaged . In the 14th century Rüningen was part of the Braunschweig Landwehr . The dukes pledged the mill to the city of Braunschweig and in 1492 reclaimed its pledge during the Braunschweig city feud. In the course of the fighting, the mill was burned down by ducal troops and immediately rebuilt.
In the 16th century, the Horneburg family was recorded as the owner. The first view of the mill on a map is recorded in 1583. Part of the ownership of the mill passed to the Kalm brothers in 1629, whose family acquired it in full in 1749. During the Thirty Years' War the mill was destroyed again and rebuilt. According to tradition, in 1773 it had four grinding courses and one oil course.
In 1809 the mill was sold to master miller Rute, who came from near Halberstadt, and he added a cutting and saw mill to it. In 1857 his son Wilhelm had another three-storey mill building built, which is still preserved as the old mill and is now used as a community center.
This building was founded on 400 oak piles, for which the water level of the Oker at the Eisenbütteler weir had to be lowered significantly. The client Wilhelm Rute documented many details of the building project and mentioned an advantageously dry summer. The mill was powered by two turbines and had eight grinding stages, an oil mill, a sawmill and two veneer cutting machines.
Industrialization in the 19th century
- Commercial milling
In the course of general industrialization, the wage milling , which was organized in the Middle Ages, was replaced by the industrially operated commercial milling. The latter did not grind the grain for the customer who had delivered the grain, but bought it and produced flour for the market, which had grown strongly, especially due to the establishment of the empire in 1870/71. During this time, the decline of many mill locations, such as that of the Ölper Mühle in Braunschweig .
- Mill construction industry
An apprentice of Wilhelm Rutes, Gottlieb Luther from Halberstadt, opened the first mill construction company in Wolfenbüttel in 1850, from which the Braunschweiger Luther-Werke emerged . He acquired the Rüningen mill in September 1878 and used it primarily as a trial run for the machines he developed. His son Hugo joined the company and a year later inherited the factory and mill, which he geared towards pure flour production. He dissolved the associated agriculture and built a boiler and machine house. The mill was the fabrication-produced for the first Location plan sifter .
Hugo Luther mainly devoted himself to building mills at the new production site on Frankfurter Strasse. He won the wealthy consuls Georg and Ludwig Berkenbusch for a stake in the mill, which had been operating as "Luther & Berkenbusch - Maschinen und Mühlenindustrie Rüningen OHG" since 1884 and was called "Berkenbusch & Co. KG" from August 8, 1888.
During this time, the mill was given a siding on the Braunschweig – Bad Harzburg railway line . A new boiler house was built and two steam engines with 80 and 40 hp were installed. Four new water turbines replaced the water wheels. A new storage facility for 2,500 tons of grain was built with a daily milling capacity of 40 to 50 tons.
Some time later, in 1893, a new mill building was built on several hundred oak piles. The machine factory was relocated in the direction of the railway line and the new production building received a 550 and 100 hp steam engine and an electric generator. The daily output of the model mill, which was inaugurated in 1895 with numerous guests, was 120 tons. The guests were accompanied on two trains from the Braunschweig train station by hussar trumpeters and the new stop was inaugurated.
Development in the 20th century
On December 22nd, 1898 the company form of the mill was changed to a stock corporation . Kurd von Damm , Georg Berkenbusch's son-in-law , had previously joined the company and was now on the supervisory board . In the years that followed, the business was expanded and expanded one after the other to include two grain stores, a bran store and a new administration building. The daily output was increased to 200 tons in 1913. Mühle Rüningen AG was involved in the construction of the rye mill in Lehndorf from 1912, with which it merged in 1921.
The mill's products were marketed under the name "Goldstaub". In 1933 the first loading onto the freighter "MS Eintracht" took place in the Braunschweig harbor and the ship was shipped via the recently completed Mittelland Canal towards the Ruhr area.
In the last days of the Second World War, on April 11, 1945, the Oker Bridge near Rüningen was destroyed with 10 tons of explosives, whereby the nearby granary of the mill was almost completely destroyed. After extensive new construction work, operations were resumed.
Expansion after World War II
The storage capacities were expanded again: in 1977 the flour silo 1 was built with a capacity of 4,500 tons and a height of 65 meters. In 1981 the grain silo for 17,000 tons with a height of 81 meters was built and has since been the landmark of the mill that can be seen from afar. In 1980 the daily output was 900 tons. In 1987, production in the Roggenmühle Lehndorf was shut down and the site was sold. After the reunification, the Rüningen mill acquired the consumer mill in Magdeburg with a monthly output of 5,000 tons. After the intermittent grinding of organic grain, the business was closed in 2008 and sold in 2010.
At the Rüningen location, another 68-meter building followed in 1995: flour silo 2. In 2009, flour silo 3, which is comparatively small at 42 meters and holds 1,000 tons, was built. The daily output in 2012 was 1,200 tons of common wheat, durum wheat and rye. The products were and are sold in bags and in 1 kg household packs. The mill has its own fleet of vehicles.
Legal form and ownership
In 2000 the stock corporation was converted into a limited partnership as GmbH & Co. KG , in which the former shareholders acted as limited partners. When the conversion took effect in January 2001, the stock exchange listing went out . In 2012, Werhan Mühlen KG held 99% of the shares that it had acquired from old ownership and new acquisitions. In 2014, these shares were transferred to PMG Premium Mühlen Gruppe GmbH & Co. KG, based in Neuss, when the mill was operated as its branch without its own legal form. On October 1, 2014, the takeover of the site by Südhannoverschen Mühlenwerke Engelke GmbH, based in Ringelheim, was approved under antitrust law. Since then it has operated as "Mühle Rüningen Stefan Engelke GmbH".
Others
A flour dust explosion occurred in October 1965 when a caper shone into a flour chamber with a lighter. Flour storage and production has been damaged in such a way that the damage four million Deutsche Mark was. The production was then re-equipped by the Bühler company .
In January 2010, a truck tried to enter the mill premises through the driveway next to the railway line. Since the gate was still locked, he avoided the railroad tracks. After several meters it got stuck in the track bed. A train from the south could not brake in time, so that it pulled up and derailed. There were several injuries and the track bed had to be completely replaced.
literature
- Wilhelm Bornstedt : Chronicle of the pile village Rüningen. Braunschweig 1980.
- Mühle Rüningen GmbH & Co. KG (Ed.): Rüningen. The flour. 700 years. (Festschrift on the occasion of the 700th anniversary) Braunschweig 2012.
Web links
- Website of the Rüningen mill
- Early documents and newspaper articles on the Rüningen mill in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
Individual evidence
- ^ Mühle Rüningen GmbH & Co. KG: Rüningen. The flour. 700 Years , p. 12, Festschrift published on the occasion of the 700th anniversary in June 2012, Braunschweig.
- ^ Hermann Nolte: History of the mill Rüningen Aktiengesellschaft in Wilhelm Bornstedt: Chronik des Pfahldorfes Rüningen , Braunschweig 1980, p. 141 ff.
- ^ Hermann Nolte: History of the mill Rüningen Aktiengesellschaft in Wilhelm Bornstedt: Chronik des Pfahldorfes Rüningen , Braunschweig 1980, p. 151 ff.
- ^ Mühle Rüningen GmbH & Co. KG: Rüningen. The flour. 700 years , p. 24, Festschrift published on the occasion of the 700th anniversary in June 2012, Braunschweig.
- ^ A b Hermann Nolte: History of the mill Rüningen Aktiengesellschaft in Wilhelm Bornstedt: Chronik des Pfahldorfes Rüningen , Braunschweig 1980, p. 157
- ^ Mühle Rüningen GmbH & Co. KG: Rüningen. The flour. 700 Years , p. 30, Festschrift published on the occasion of the 700th anniversary in June 2012, Braunschweig.
- ↑ Braunschweiger Zeitung of August 27, 2014: Rüningen mill is being sold , retrieved from the Braunschweiger Zeitung's Internet archive on September 26, 2014
- ↑ Imprint of the Rüningen mill website on October 6, 2014 ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
