Consumption Mill
The Konsum-Mühle is a listed mill in Magdeburg .
location
The mill is located in the Magdeburg-Industriehafen district . Immediately to the west is the port basin of the industrial port of Magdeburg Harbor .
Architecture and history
The mill was built between 1925 and 1928 as the largest grain mill in Central Germany based on designs by the Hamburg architect Hanke, the Munich-based Schulz & Kling AG and the technical office of the consumer association for the large-scale purchasing society of German consumer associations . The construction documents were submitted in 1925. A modern large mill was created in a monumental design in the factual and functional style of New Building . The mill itself has five floors. It has grain silos and flour stores. In addition, a gatehouse, an office and residential building, warehouse, social and workshop buildings as well as a transformer building were built. The buildings were constructed using reinforced concrete and provided with red brick facades. Some of them have a mezzanine and are structured by pilaster strips . The buildings are covered with flat roofs . The fencing around the factory premises is carried out in the same design language.
An original plan called for a design made of brick, structured by bands and cornices made of concrete and white wooden windows. However, due to the importance of the complex, which can be seen from afar, for urban development, the municipal building officer Johannes Göderitz demanded that the planning be revised, taking architectural aspects into account. The client resisted this. It is unclear how far the building authority was able to assert itself, but at least the actual construction partially deviates from the original plan.
The aim of the construction was a mill system based on the latest technology at the time with the quality of a sample system. Operations began in 1927. The boiler house was damaged in the Second World War .
In the time of the GDR the company was run as a consumer mills and pasta factories and belonged to the consumer, sweet and long-life bakery combine KONSÜ Markleeberg . Fine flour was produced. Moreover emerged pearl barley , semolina , grits , pasta , oatmeal and bread . The bakery belonging to the factory was the main business of the consumer baked goods business.
After the Peaceful Revolution of 1989 , the plant was shut down. Parts of it were later used by the Brunswick mill in Rüningen . The Rüningen mill last produced organic flour here until 2008. In 2010 the property was sold. Parts of the aerosol arena are located on the site .
In the local register of monuments , the mill is listed as a historical building under registration number 094 06273 .
Individual buildings
silo
On the north side of the facility there is a rectangular floor plan in a west-east direction, which towers over the other buildings. The top floor of the silo is set off by a cornice made of standing bricks. The attic above is made considerably narrower. The long sides are completely windowless, the narrow sides have only a few windows. The facades were made of brown Westphalian clinker bricks. Vertical, narrow grooved ribbons serve as a structure. The narrow east side is decorated in the upper area with a zigzag band. A twelve-story head building rises on the west side, in which there are elevators , a pneumatic conveyor system, a cell for a drying system and a stairwell. It is divided into three parts. In front of it is a five-storey, two-axis building that is reminiscent of a bay window .
The technical equipment of the silo was designed so that irregularly arriving grain deliveries could be stored and continuously given for grinding. The grain was delivered by ship, train or cart. The unloading took place via a pneumatic system. The grain was passed over an automatic scale and to pre-cleaning. Then it reached one of 66 silo cells via the top floor, where the conveyor belts and rotary tube distributors were located . Each cell had a footprint of 2.75 by 2.75 meters at a height of 20 meters and could hold 114 tons of grain, in total there was space for 7500 tons in the silo. There was a special cell ventilation system consisting of horizontal and vertical air channels that made it possible to blow large amounts of air through the cells. Two central air channels, into which low-pressure fans blow fresh air, led along under the funnel floors. In this way, even moist grain could be stored in a cool and dry place, warm grain could be cooled and musty smells removed. The cells were emptied via funnel outlets at the bottom, which were arranged in two rows. While the walls of the cells were made of masonry, the cell ceiling and the bottom of the funnel were made of reinforced concrete. The grain came from the hoppers in wagons or on conveyor belts running in the cellar, so that it was transported underground to the mill or to the elevators for cleaning. The entire process ran automatically.
Grain storage shed
In 1929, a largely single-storey grain storage shed was built north of the silo, 80 meters long and 33 meters wide.
Mill
The mill and flour store are parallel to each other, facing north-south. The construction work was the responsibility of Deutsche Bauhütte GmbH. The eastern block contained the actual mill. It was designed to grind 100 tons of wheat , 75 tons of rye and 25 tons of durum wheat . Five floors and an attic rise above a basement. Different technical equipment was housed on each floor. While the main transmissions were set up on the first floor, there were roller mills on the first floor , distribution pipes and screws on the second , Gries steam cleaning machines on the third , the fourth as a plan sifter floor and on the fifth there were vacuum filters and fans. There are free-standing stair towers in front of the end faces. From them there are connecting bridges to each floor of the mill and flour storage, which leads to a striking horizontal structure of the appearance of the facility. The flat roof is surmounted by elevator shafts.
The ceilings of the mill were designed as wooden beam ceilings on steel supports. Only the basement ceiling was made in massive construction. The work processes in the mill were also automated.
The fully ground flour was automatically transported over the connecting bridge on the second floor to the flour store to the west. Waste products were brought to bran containers via the bridge on the third floor .
Flour store
In the flour warehouse, the flour was stored in flour mixing machines until it was shipped. It was automatically bags packed. The sacks were stored on the five upper floors, while the dispatch department was located on the ground floor. There were two sack elevators, three spiral chutes and conveyor belts . The loading onto ships was carried out from the first floor via a loading bridge with a conveyor belt. There is a rail connection between the flour store and the basin of the industrial port to the west.
Residential and administrative buildings
South of the mill complex facing the street is a three-storey residential and administrative wing. It was planned in 1925 by the Leipzig architect Franz Mosenthin on behalf of the construction office of the large purchasing company Deutscher Consumverein Hamburg. The building with brick façades had office and social rooms on the ground floor. There were three three-room and two five-room apartments on the upper floors. The south facade facing the street is highlighted in the office area on the ground floor in a special way by decorative elements. There are only very small windows in the attic, which gives the impression of a mezzanine floor.
A two-storey extension was added to the northwest of the residential and administrative building in 1928, extending northwards in six axes parallel to the edge of the harbor.
Power center, workshop, car hall
The high-pressure boiler in which the steam for the transformers and heating was generated was located in a separate building. The boiler house supplied the low-pressure steam heating and the steam for drying the grain was provided. During the Second World War, this building was severely damaged, so that some of it had to be rebuilt.
literature
- Folkhard Cremer in Georg Dehio, Handbook of German Art Monuments , Saxony-Anhalt I, Magdeburg District , Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-422-03069-7 , page 601.
- Sabine Ullrich, grain mill in Magdeburg - architecture and urban development , Janos Stekovics publishing house in Halle an der Saale 2001, ISBN 3-929330-33-4 , page 342
- Sabine Ullrich, Industrial Architecture in Magdeburg , Magdeburg City Planning Office 2003, page 163 ff.
- List of monuments Saxony-Anhalt, Volume 14, State capital Magdeburg , State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt, Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-86568-531-5 , page 358.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Short question and answer Olaf Meister (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Prof. Dr. Claudia Dalbert (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Ministry of Culture March 19, 2015 Printed matter 6/3905 (KA 6/8670) List of monuments Saxony-Anhalt , page 2652
Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 34.6 " N , 11 ° 40 ′ 10.2" E