Action Regulation Theory

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The action regulation theory (HRT) , also work psychological action theory, is a sociological action theory that is based on goals and uses plans for realization.

Model of action regulation according to Volpert

The concept of feedback via feedback loops introduced by Miller, Galanter and Pribram in 1960 is essential , which gradually lead to the correction of plans and actions.

In action regulation theory, actions and partial actions consist of movements . A distinction must be made between automated , hardly conscious and conscious actions that are controlled by thinking .

Developing the theory

Walter Volpert coined the theory of action regulation in 1971. He decided “to call his own approach the 'theory of action regulation'” and was the first to formulate with a hyphen “the hierarchical-sequential organization of action”. He designed this model graphically as a directed tree .

Based on Noam Chomsky's linguistics , Volpert introduced “competence to act” and defines “efficient action as stable and flexible. The feedback makes it possible to stick to plans and still adapt to changed situations ”. He assumes a "fundamental directionality of changes in the system".

VVR unit according to Hacker 1

This assumption is operationalized in two directions:

  • as "higher development" in the sense of a "development of action competence" and
  • as restricted competence development based on Sigmund Freud's “partial instincts”, regulatory obstacles as “partialization” of the competence to act.
VVR unit after Hacker 2

Winfried Hacker psychologized the cybernetic TOTE model by replacing it with his comparison-change-feedback-unit (VVR-unit). He also used the terms "action regulation" and "regulation level".

He was the first to present “the three main levels of psychological regulation of work activities”. According to Hacker, “the three main levels of regulation of individual action” are the sensory-motor, the perceptual-conceptual and the intellectual level of regulation.

With the “development of a concept of objective control and control competence ”, Rainer Oesterreich redefined the relationship between action regulation and control .

The action model explains, on the one hand, the connection between thought processes and action beyond the purely cognitive model. On the other hand, it records very different actions such as automated movements and complex, well-planned behavior.

The underlying concepts are activity , action or partial action and operations . They are based on the hierarchical-sequential organization of activities. Different action regulation theorists cite a minimum of two to a maximum of five hierarchical levels of regulation for these concepts.

  • One example is the hierarchical-sequential original model of general activity theory . Here Alexej Leontjew , a representative of the cultural and historical school , designs three levels of developmental psychological regulation: operation - action - activity.
  • In 1981, Rainer Oesterreich created the 5-level model, the first hierarchical-sequential model that was both theoretically defined and fully mathematically formalized. According to the formula for the efficiency divergence, optimal action moves beyond omnipotence , i. H. an efficiency divergence of one, with the actor " perfectly safe advocating any can bring about the desired result of his consequence," but also the other side of death , d. H. a consequence with an “efficiency divergence smaller than zero”: its “achievement means the death of the agent”. He expanded the hierarchical-sequential model to include the fourth level of regulation for the areas , for example “work” and “love”. The fifth level is development planning, for example the establishment of a company. These extensions made the action regulation theory suitable for everyday use as an instrument for the analysis of work activities.

Yann Seyrer applied this model to natural data differentially and from a developmental perspective for the first time in 1997 and assigns a great feeling to each of the five levels : trust , fun , pride , happiness and power .

Hierarchical-sequential models of the organization of action

theory 1st level of regulation 2. 3. 4th 5th level of regulation
Activity theory of Alexei Leontyev (dt 1959 russ./1964., P.367 ff.) surgery action activity - -
TOTE model : Test - Operate - Test - Exit by Miller, Galanter and Pribram (1960 English, p. 32) - tactical strategic - -
Action control theory of Winfried Hacker and Walter Volpert (H .: 1973, p 104 and V .: 1974, p 32, 38) sensorimotor perceptual-conceptual intellectual - -
5-level model of action regulation of Austria, Resch, Seyrer, Volpert (1981, page 142 f.) progressive action execution. stable-flexible action planning. efficient-divergent target planning. coordinating area planning. certain but also careful development planning.

The theory of action regulation wants to take into account the level of external action - for example through sensory or motor acts - and the use of tools in work processes.

Building on this, instruments for analyzing work activities were created, such as the job evaluation system or the VERA / RHIA , and the leadership matrix, the first psycholinguistic software for the automatic determination of personal strengths based on natural speech.

In the field of sports psychology , a model developed by Jürgen R. Nitsch based on the classic theory of action regulation is influential.

literature

  • Peter Groskurth, Walter Volpert : wage labor psychology. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1975.
  • Winfried Hacker : General industrial psychology: Psychological regulation of knowledge, thought and physical work . 2nd Edition. Huber, Bern 2005.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ GA Miller, E. Galanter, KH Pribram: Plans and the structure of behavior. Holt, New York 1960 (German: strategies of action. Klett, Stuttgart 1972).
  2. ^ Walter Volpert: Sensorimotor learning. Specialized bookstore for psychology, Frankfurt am Main 1971, p. 21
  3. ^ Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. 2nd Edition. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1983. P. VIII
  4. ^ Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974. pp. 32 and 33.
  5. ^ Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974. p. 41
  6. ^ Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974. p. 46
  7. ^ A b Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974, p. 15
  8. ^ Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974, p. 149
  9. ^ Walter Volpert: Sensorimotor learning. Specialist bookstore for psychology, Frankfurt am Main 1971. S. 21. Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974, p. 58
  10. ↑ Winfried Hacker: General work and engineering psychology. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1973, p. 92.
  11. ↑ Winfried Hacker: General work and engineering psychology. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1973, p. 426
  12. ↑ Winfried Hacker: General work and engineering psychology. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1973, pp. 92-101
  13. ↑ Walter Volpert: Studies on the use of mental training when acquiring a sensorimotor skill - A contribution to the optimization of training programs. German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 1969, p. 40
  14. ↑ Winfried Hacker: General work and engineering psychology. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1973, pp. 92, 101
  15. ^ Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974, p. 37
  16. ↑ Winfried Hacker: General work and engineering psychology. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1973/1980, p. 104
  17. ↑ Rainer Oesterreich: Development of a concept of objective control and control competence. Dissertation at the TU Berlin, Berlin 1979.
  18. ^ Rainer Oesterreich: Action regulation and control . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1981.
  19. ^ Rainer Oesterreich: Action regulation and control . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1981, p. 318.
  20. ^ Oesterreich, Rainer: Action regulation and control . Munich: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1981, p. 102.
  21. ^ Rainer Oesterreich: Action regulation and control . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1981, p. 99.
  22. ^ Rainer Oesterreich: Action regulation and control . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1981, p. 319.
  23. ↑ Walter Volpert, Rainer Oesterreich et al .: Procedure for determining regulatory requirements in work activity (VERA). TÜV Rheinland Publishing House, Cologne 1983.
  24. ↑ Alexej Leontjew: Problems of the Development of the Psychic . Verlag Volk u. Wissen, Berlin 1959, pp. 365-377.
  25. ^ Rainer Oesterreich: Action regulation and control . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1981.
  26. ↑ Yann Seyrer: Differential Optimal Development . dgvt-Verlag, Tübingen 1997, ISBN 3-87159-014-2 , p. 83.
  27. ^ Walter Volpert: Action structure analysis as a contribution to qualification research. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1974, p. 46
  28. ^ Rainer Oesterreich: Action regulation and control . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1981, p. 152.
  29. ^ Oesterreich, Rainer: Development of a concept of objective control and control competence. Berlin: Dissertation at the TU Berlin, 1979, p. 215.
  30. ^ Rainer Oesterreich: Action regulation and control . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1981, p. 100.
  31. ^ Walter Volpert, S. Gablenz-Kolakovic, Krogoll, Rainer Oesterreich, Marianne Resch: Procedure for determining regulatory requirements in work. TÜV Rheinland, Cologne 1983, ISBN 3-88585-108-3 , p. 30.
  32. ↑ Yann Seyrer: Departure into everyday life . Beltz, Weinheim / Basel 1986, ISBN 3-407-58287-0 , p. 248.
  33. ↑ Yann Seyrer: Departure into everyday life . Beltz, Weinheim / Basel 1986, ISBN 3-407-58287-0 , p. 253. ISBN 3-407-58287-0
  34. ↑ Yann Seyrer: Differential Optimal Development. Tübingen: dgvt-Verlag 1997, p. 108. ISBN 3-87159-014-2
  35. ^ Rainer Oesterreich, Konrad Leitner, Marianne Resch: Analysis of psychological demands and stresses in production work: The RHIA / VERA production process. Hogrefe, Göttingen 2000, ISBN 3-8017-1424-1
  36. ↑ Yann Seyrer: The mirror of feelings: formulas for personal development and personal success . Lang, Frankfurt am Main / Berlin / Bern / Bruxelles / New York / Oxford / Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-631-50870-0