Palm vein detection

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Palm vein scanner

The palm vein recognition is a biometric method for identification of individuals, wherein the detected vein pattern of a hand and is compared with a reference pattern. Either the veins of the palm, the veins of the back of the hand or the finger veins are used. The vein patterns of the human hand are complex and largely protected from unnoticed spying on within the body. The position of the veins remains unchanged throughout life and is different for every person. The palm vein detection can have a comparably high level of security, i. H. achieve similarly low false acceptance rates as the iris recognition .

Technical implementation

The physical effect of palm vein recognition is based on the increased absorption of infrared rays (heat rays with a wavelength of 760 nm) in the oxygen-poor venous blood. If you hold your hand in front of the palm vein detection sensor, it sends out near-infrared radiation towards the palms of the hands via infrared LEDs. The oxygen-reduced blood in the veins absorbs this infrared radiation more than the surrounding tissue. This enables a clear picture of the veins within the hand to be recorded and used for identification.

First, the camera of the hand vein sensor creates an image of the vein pattern, which a computer converts into a template in a second step. This template is stored in a database or on a chip card or another storage medium during the learning process . As is common in biometrics, when verifying a user, i. H. the verification of his identity, a comparison sample recorded for this purpose is compared with the user's template; however, in the case of an identification H. the determination of the identity by the biometric feature, the comparison pattern is compared with all templates stored (in a database) and the matching template is determined.

It should be noted that hand injuries (e.g. broken bones or cuts) can cause identification to fail. In this case, a new reference sample of the person concerned must be stored in the system.

Vein Detection Specifications

Palm vein detection

With palm vein recognition, the inner surface of the hand is scanned or recorded by the sensor. When teaching people in, the palm vein pattern is recorded, converted into a template and saved. To identify a person, the recorded vein pattern is compared with all stored vein templates. Palm vein detection is contactless.

Back of the hand vein detection

With the back of the hand vein detection, the back of the hand is scanned by the sensor. While pigment spots or hair do not play a role on the palm of the hand, corresponding disorders can inevitably occur on the back of the hand. Terminals are also usually built in such a way that a handle has to be grasped and the back of the hand is pressed against the sensor, which means that there is no contactless process.

Finger vein detection

With finger vein recognition, the respective finger is illuminated from the top as well as the left and right side and the vein pattern is scanned from below. The vein pattern on a finger is smaller and therefore less complex than the vein pattern on a palm. In addition, the finger veins are more sensitive to cold. If the fingers are cold, the capillary veins can contract completely so that they may no longer be recognized. The finger vein detection is not contactless, as the corresponding finger must be completely on the sensor.

Areas of application

The palm vein recognition is used especially in the high security area. The use is particularly efficient in companies that use vein recognition not only for physical access to buildings or rooms, but also for access to computer systems. Similar to a fingerprint sensor, a palm vein sensor can be integrated into a wide variety of devices. Palm vein recognition is also used, for example, in the GMAT , a test that applicants for some economics master’s courses must undergo. In Japan, the system is used in ATMs for secure payment transactions.

Manufacturer of vein detection systems

Manufacturers of vein recognition systems are z. B. Fujitsu (palm veins ), Hitachi , NEC , Sony (all finger veins) and Techsphere (veins on the back of the hand).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ International Biometric Group: Comparative Biometric Testing - Round 6 Public Report (PDF; 3.2 MB), 2006
  2. ↑ The palm vein recognition dimaweb.at, accessed on August 10, 2015
  3. ↑ Graduate Management Admission Council : To improve security, the GMAT exam is the only test procedure that has been approved by the French authorities to record biometric data
  4. ↑ Vienna University of Economics and Business : GMAT preparation for WU students

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