House of the White Ram

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The White Widder House was a residential building in the old town of Constance (Wessenbergstrasse 12). It handed down essential parts of the existing building stock of two houses built in the early 14th century and was thus a significant example of medieval bourgeois residential architecture, which is why it was entered in the list of monuments as a “cultural monument of particular importance”.

description

The house to the White Widder was on the east side of the medieval main street ("on the plates") of Konstanz in the vicinity of the distinctive houses to the Golden Lion (Wessenbergstrasse 16) and the Hohen Hirschen (Münzgasse 30). The simple building was four-story and eaves . A kink in the facade and slightly different storey heights indicated that it was made up of two initially independent houses. The southern half of the house had a cellar with a cast vault that was accessible from the rear. On the first floor there were representative living rooms with wooden beam ceilings in both halves of the house facing the street, and in the northern half there was an additional room facing the backyard. The dendrochronological examination of the timbers of the standing roof structure revealed the felling date to be 1313/14.

history

The White Widder house stood on what used to be a larger piece of land between today's Wessenbergstrasse and Hohenhausgasse, which was divided into five narrow parcels in 1282. In 1313 or a little later, the construction of the two houses, which were later joined together to form the White Widder, took place: on the northern parcel the house zum Weißen Widder, on the southern parcel the house zum Helm or the Kollöffel (= coal shovel). These were ridge stand constructions typical of the time , which were extended to the rear at a later date; this was accompanied by the enlargement of the roof structure. The residents of the houses were mostly artisans who lived in more modest financial circumstances than their wealthy neighbors. In 1782 the glazier Caspar Huetle united both houses under the name "Zum Weißen Widder"; it was charged with basic interest to the hospital until 1845. In 1873 Richard Bandel from Radolfzell set up a bakery. Archaeological and architectural studies accompanied the demolition of the house in autumn 1996. A wattle wall was shown as an exhibit in the Archaeological State Museum Baden-Württemberg in Constance. The facade design of the new building takes up elements of the historic house.

literature

  • Harald Derschka : The houses to the Helm / Kollöffel and to the White Widder (Wessenbergstrasse 12) in Constance. Comments on their architectural and archaeological research as well as on the coins found from the Fehlboden . In: Find reports from Baden-Württemberg . Vol. 23, 1999, pp. 1005-1049.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of cultural monuments of the LDA Baden-Württemberg (as of 1987).
  2. ^ Konrad Beyerle : The Konstanzer real estate deeds of the years 1152-1371. Heidelberg 1902, pp. 89-91, no. 80.
  3. ^ Marianne Dumitrache: Constance. (= Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg, Archaeological City Register. Volume 1). Filderstadt 2000, p. 169 f., Reference 148.

Coordinates: 47 ° 39 ′ 41.5 ″  N , 9 ° 10 ′ 27.9 ″  E