Pike wagon
Hechtwagen is a term for passenger coaches of the railways , which results from the comparison of car shape with the head shape of the predatory fish pike derived. The car bodies of Hechtwagen are bevelled towards the ends and thus become narrower, which enables better use of the vehicle gauge, especially in tight curves .
Express train passenger car of the Deutsche Reichsbahn
The standard express train passenger cars of the types 21, 22, 23 and 26 of the Deutsche Reichsbahn built between 1921 and 1928 are commonly referred to as Hechtwagen. The more drastic expression "pig snouts" was used among railway workers for these wagons because of their special head shape. These vehicles were assigned to the car type D4 by the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the course of the class adjustment in 1951, while the Deutsche Bundesbahn put them in usage group 23 in 1954 .
Hechtwagen in (partially) steel construction
The underframe and box frame of the type 21, 22 and 23 pike wagons consisted of riveted steel profiles. The frame of the box was clad with sheet metal. All seated cars had a uniform length over the buffers of 20.61 m.
The characteristic pike shape of the wagon ends was adopted from the last types of Saxon express train wagons. The skylights previously used in Prussian wagon construction were no longer used in favor of the simpler barrel roofs introduced in southern Germany. The edge of the eaves in the area of the car ends was still horizontal on the first car; in all the following cars it rose diagonally towards the end of the car. From the kink in the outer cladding to the front wall, the roof was made of strong sheet steel, which made the entry area very resistant. In between, the roof was covered in the traditional way with canvas covering on wooden slats.
In terms of passenger comfort, the Hechtwagen lagged behind the Länderbahnen express train carriages. The compartment lengths were shorter, and the window widths were based on the Prussian dimensions, which were smaller than the corresponding Bavarian and Saxon dimensions, so that the compartments, especially in the third class, were a bit gloomy.
Between 1921 and 1926, the Deutsche Reichsbahn purchased a total of 214 seat, 10 baggage and 31 sleeping cars as iron-type pike cars . Because of the newly introduced type of long- distance express train (FD), which only ran the first and second car classes, a disproportionately large number of upholstered class cars were discontinued. In detail, the vehicles built are divided into the following types of vehicle :
Seating car
| genus | Seats | number | Year of construction (s) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C4ü-21 | 76 | 27 + 5 * | 1922-1923 | * modified replica series |
| C4ü-21a | 76 | 1 | 1924 | |
| B4ü-22 | 48 | 15th | 1923-1924 | "Hapag-Lloyd" design |
| C4ü-22 | 76 | 25th | 1923-1924 | |
| C4ü-22a | 76 | 20th | 1923 | |
| A4ü-23 | 42, sp. 28 |
6th | 1925 | "Hapag-Lloyd" design |
| AB4ü-23 | 12/33, sp. 8/33 |
31 | 1924-1925 | |
| AB4ü-23a | 12/33, sp. 8/33 |
64 | 1924-1925 | |
| AB4ü-23b | 12/33, sp. 8/33 |
7th | 1923 | |
| C4ü-23 | 76 | 13 | 1923-1924 |
Van
| genus | Loading weight | number | Year of construction (s) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pw4ü-23 | 10.0 t | 10 | 1923 |
Sleeping car
| genus | Sleeping places | number | Year of construction (s) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WL4ü-21 | 36 | 21st | 1921-1926 | 3rd class sleeping car; leased to Mitropa from 1926 |
| WL4ü-23 | 10 or 20 | 10 | 1923-1924 | Sleeper 1st / 2nd Class; leased to Mitropa from 1926 |
All-steel pike wagon
As early as 1925 the Reichsbahn planned to procure longer cars with cheaper compartment dimensions. However, because the DRG was obliged to pay the German reparations payments, there was a lack of funds, so only four such cars (2 AB4ü, 2 C4ü) were built for the LBE . The roofs now consisted entirely of sheet steel, so that the transition to all-steel construction was complete.
It was not until 1926 that the Deutsche Reichsbahn was able to procure such wagons. In contrast to the planned car of the type from 1925, the roof of type 26 ran straight through to the end walls, so that the tapering entry areas were covered by a triangular protrusion.
Of the all-steel Hecht wagons, 150 express train wagons of the following types were built for the Deutsche Reichsbahn between 1926 and 1928:
| genus | Seats | number | Year of construction (s) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A4ü-26 | 42, sp. 28 |
20th | 1926-1927 | "Hapag-Lloyd" design |
| AB4ü-26 | 12/36, sp. 8/36 |
20th | 1927 | |
| AB4ü-26a | 12/36, sp. 8/36 |
10 | 1927-1928 | “Görlitz II heavy” bogies |
| C4ü-26 | 80 | 92 | 1927-1928 | |
| C4ü-26a | 80 | 8th | 1927 | “Görlitz II heavy” bogies |
PKP pike wagon
The PKP was about 1930 and in Polish car factories. a. Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein build modified, extended Hecht wagons in all-steel construction with straight ends. The Reichsbahn took over a number of these cars as third-party cars during the Second World War . After the negotiations between the Deutsche Bundesbahn and the PKP about the exchange of wagons failed, the DB modernized the wagons with standard parts e.g. B. aluminum frames, sliding doors at the end of the car, lighting and toilet facilities. The last so-called Polish pike is an exhibit worth refurbishing (as of 2010) from the Darmstadt-Kranichstein Railway Museum .
literature
- Deppmeyer, Joachim: The standard passenger and baggage car of the Deutsche Reichsbahn. Types 1921–1931 - standard gauge , Franckh, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-440-05111-0
- Car for Europe. The history of the 26.4 m wagon , Eisenbahn-Kurier Special 74, EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2004, ISSN 0170-5288