Hardenstein Castle

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Hardenstein Castle
Hardenstein castle ruins, east side

Hardenstein castle ruins, east side

Creation time : around 1354
Castle type : Niederungsburg
Conservation status: Enclosing walls, two round corner towers
Standing position : Count
Construction: Quarry stone
Place: Witten
Geographical location 51 ° 25 '14.6 "  N , 7 ° 18' 5.4"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 25 '14.6 "  N , 7 ° 18' 5.4"  E
Height: 95  m above sea level NN
Hardenstein Castle (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Hardenstein Castle

The Hardenstein Castle is a ruin on the middle Ruhr northwest of Herbede in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany . It is surrounded by the Hardenstein nature reserve of the same name and is located near the Muttental . Until the completion of the Ruhr Valley Railway (now a museum railway ) in the nineteenth century, the castle lay directly on the river. Typologically, the complex, which has long been known as the castle, is a " permanent house " - a manor house . It served mainly as the residence of its lordly owners and was therefore only partially defensible.

Hardenstein Castle ruins around 1840

history

In 1354 Heinrich II. Von Hardenberg had to sell the rule of Hardenberg in today's Velbert to Count Gerhard I. von Jülich-Berg . In the same year, Heinrich II von Hardenberg and his family settled on the southern bank of the Ruhr between Herbede and Witten. The moated castle was built between 1345 and 1354.

His descendants then called themselves von Hardenstein and probably suffered from many financial worries. In 1378 Heinrich IV. Von Hardenstein started a feud against the city of Dortmund , because he was in the chalk with a Jewish businessman there with a large amount of money. The attack with around 1,000 men on the city of Dortmund failed. In another campaign that followed, he was caught and executed by the Cologne troops.

Through marriage to the daughter of the last Hardenberger Heinrich V , the castle came to Robert Stael von Holstein in 1439 . In 1430/40 the south side was extended with two flanking towers and a shield wall .

The castle ruins seen from the northeast (inner courtyard). The Ruhr lies outside the right edge of the picture.
Artistic impression of the historical north-east view. In contrast to the one shown here, the roof was covered with sandstone slabs.
View from the other side of the river

Still inhabited in the 16th century, there were coal deposits near the former castle for many years . It was not until the 18th century, when it was abandoned, that the complex fell into disrepair.

In 1974 the castle was leased by the city of Herbede and from 1975 by the city of Witten.

The legend of Goldemar

According to legend, at the time of a Neveling von Hardenstein there was also a dwarf king named Goldemar or Volmar, who was invisible as his guest in the castle. They dined, drank and celebrated together. After the kitchen boy had sprinkled peas and flour so that he could at least see the footprints of the dwarf king, the dwarf king killed, boiled and ate him and disappeared, not without imposing a curse on the family.

Castle ruins today

The castle ruins have been researched, preserved and cared for by the Burgfreunde Hardenstein association since 1974 . Archives about the Hardenstein castle ruins and an archaeological collection of them are located in the Witten-Herbede primary school and can be viewed there.

The Muttental mining trail begins immediately behind the southern perimeter wall ; The route of the Ruhr Valley Railway runs on the north side, separating the castle complex from the Ruhr. Until summer 2019, a museum train brought tourists to the stop set up here.

The Hardenstein Ruhr Valley ferry has been operating near the ruins since April 2006 . As the only ferry on the Ruhr, it is a special attraction in the Ruhr Valley's cycle path network. This connection, which ends on the opposite bank not far from the Herbede lock , is operated by fifteen voluntary and one full-time inland boatman. On the same investors also the excursion boat runs MS Schwalbe II of Stadtwerke Witten . In this way, a connection point was created between the excursion boat and the museum train.

Weather conditions and safety measures that were not carried out in good time ensure that the facility continues to deteriorate; among other things, an intermediate wall of the main castle collapsed on the night of March 16, 2010. The renovation / restoration of the wall areas at risk of collapse has been completed. The castle ruins are accessible to visitors again.

Hardenstein Castle has been illuminated at night since 2009 . In 2017 a video surveillance system was installed. The Burghard Stone became the first video surveillance castle ruins in NRW.

location

  • Location: Hardensteiner Weg, Witten-Herbede, on the south bank of the Ruhr

traffic

Hardenstein ruin stop in 2008

At the Ruhrtalbahn lies breakpoint ruin Hardenstein . Trains operated by RuhrtalBahn Betriebsgesellschaft mbH operated until summer 2019 . In the meantime, the inventory of the stop has been badly damaged by environmental influences and vandalism.

See also

literature

  • Hardenberg. In: Anton Fahne : History of the Westphalian families with special consideration of their relocation to Prussia, Curland and Liefland. 1858
  • Wilhelm Crecelius : The Lords of Hardenberg. In: Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein (ZBGV), Volume 8, 1872
  • Heinrich Schoppmeyer : Witten. History of the village, town and suburbs . tape 1 . VOHM , Witten 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-040266-1 , p. 109-113 .
  • Hans Dieter Radke, Heinrich Schoppmeyer (Ed.): Hardenstein Castle. History and stories . Burgfreunde Hardenstein, Witten 1999, ISBN 3-00-004703-4 .
  • Hans Dieter Radke: Annual reports of the association Burgfreunde Hardenstein eV , from 1974 publisher (self-published) Burgfreunde Hardenstein.
  • Hans Dieter Radke: Hardenstein Castle. A contribution to building history. In: Castles and Palaces. Journal of the Deutsche Burgenvereinigung eV, Vol. 1 1980, pp. 45–49.
  • Hans Dieter Radke: Hardenstein Castle. In: Heimatverein Herbede eV (Hrsg.): Herbede yesterday, today, tomorrow . Issue 2, Herbeder local history writings. Witten 1981, pp. 20-26.
  • Hans Dieter Radke, Hans Gödecke: Reconstruction studies Burg Hardenstein. Witten 1978; Supplements 1984. Ed .: Burgfreunde Hardenstein eV (main castle in the 18th century. Four side views, two floor plans, ground floor and first floor)
  • Hans Dieter Radke: The Hardenstein Archive. The structure of the archive. In: Forum historical culture on the Ruhr and Emscher. 2/97, pp. 38-39.
  • Hans Dieter Radke: Restoration overview of the Hardenstein castle ruins. In: Heimatverein Herbede eV (ed.): Herbeder traces. Vol. 3, Herbeder local history writings. Witten 2001, pp. 32-37.
  • Hans Dieter Radke: Hardenstein castle ruins in the past and present. Art guide. 4th revised edition. Dortmund 2004. Ed .: Burgfreunde Hardenstein eV
  • Hans Dieter Radke: Stone finds in the Hardenstein castle ruins. In: Association for local and local history in the county of Mark (Hrsg.): Märkisches yearbook for history. Volume 108, Dortmund 2008, pp. 311-318.
  • Gotthard Kießling: Hardenstein Castle. In: Ministry for Building and Transport of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia / Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (Hrsg.): Burgen AufRuhr. On the way to 100 castles, palaces and mansions in the Ruhr region. Klartext Verlag, Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8375-0234-3 , pp. 149–153.

Web links

Commons : Burg Hardenstein  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans Dieter Radke, Heinrich Schoppmeyer (Ed.): Hardenstein Castle. History and stories . Burgfreunde Hardenstein, Witten 1999, ISBN 3-00-004703-4 .
  2. ↑ View drawings Reconstruction based on view drawings by Burgfreunde-Hardenstein
  3. ↑ Dirk Sondermann (Ed.): Ruhrsagen. From Ruhrort to Ruhrkopf. Henselowsky Boschmann, Bottrop 2005, ISBN 3-922750-60-5 .
  4. ↑ A legendary Ruhr area: Dwarf King Goldemar at Hardenstein Castle.
  5. ↑ Jutta Bublies: Monument. Witten couple donates money for the Hardenstein castle ruins. WAZ , August 17, 2016, accessed November 24, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Susanne Schild: Monument protection. Castle friends feel overwhelmed. WAZ, November 24, 2017, accessed November 24, 2017 .