Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Rozbark
The Rozbark mine (in Polish Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Rozbark , Heinitzgrube ' ) is a former hard coal mine in the Rozbark / Roßberg district of Bytom (Beuthen O./S.), Poland .
history
prehistory
In the years 1855-1856 Hugo Henckel von Donnersmarck were awarded the coal fields "Roßberg" (originally called "Elise") and "Heinitz" in Roßberg / Rozbark in the east and south-east of Bytom . Coal production probably took place here only temporarily. It was only after Otto Friedländer and two of his brothers bought "Roßberg" and "Heinitz" from Donnersmarck in 1870 and acquired the neighboring fields "Nanny" and "Moritz" himself in 1872 that they began to sink the two "Prittwitz" shafts (from 1945 “Stalmach”) and “Mauve” (from 1945 “Bonczyk”) ( location ) in the “Heinitz” field and regular hard coal mining. Pumps were installed for dewatering in 1874 and a coal sorting plant was put into operation at the end of this decade.
During this time the mine bore the name Heinitz and Rossberg with a legal entitlement of 8.57 km² and had to fight with great difficulties. The seams near the surface were steep and contained only poor quality coal. There were also several mine fires and problems managing the water inflows. As a result, the Friedländer brothers came under economic pressure, filed for bankruptcy and had to sell the mine to their creditors in 1883.
Heinitzgrube until 1922
It was only under the new owners that all four fields were consolidated in the same year and the Heinitzgrube union was created under the chairmanship of the manor owner Julius Schottländer . After test drilling, it initiated the development of better seams at a depth of 350 m and the installation of new water pumps. When, after these investments, a fire broke out in the pit and caused great damage, the trades sold their kuxe to the Georg von Giesche Erben company in 1890 .
The new owners significantly expanded coal production by opening up the supplies on the 450 m and 540 m levels. In 1912, the two shafts Prittwitz (double production; cable car ; extending weather shaft ) and Mauve (cable car; moving weather shaft ) were used for mining . Other shafts were: Römhild (645 m; double conveyance; cable car; moving weather shaft ( location )); Weather shaft 342 m (extending); Barbara (643 m; rope ride; moving out ( position )).
In 1898 more than half a million tons of coal could be mined; 1912 were already 7 seams with a total thickness of 25 m in Verhieb . In addition, the Giesche Group acquired the fields “Hope” (awarded in 1870) and “Heinitz Continuation” (awarded in 1904). The field size was thus 11.05 km².
During this time the mine was very advanced and exemplary in many ways. In 1903, a safety device was installed on the hoisting machines, in 1906 the first mine weir in Upper Silesia was created and a freezing process was used when the Römhildschacht was being sunk . Production reached 838,970 t because parts of the neighboring Florentine mine had also been leased .
The time of the division of Upper Silesia and the Second World War
Due to the division of Upper Silesia in 1922, 74.2% of the mine fields (8.20 km²) were on the German and 25.8% (2.85 km²) on the Polish side, so that the eastern part received its own preparation this year . The entire mine was managed by the mining company Georg von Giesches Erben in Breslau.
On January 31, 1923, there was a coal dust explosion in the Polish part of the Heinitz mine, in which 145 miners were killed.
In September 1924, a memorial to those who died in the First World War was unveiled in Roßberg. It consisted of a column, around which a semicircular wall was built, on which the plaques with the names of the fallen, a bench and a relief were located. It is no longer there today.
While production fell significantly from the end of the First World War to 1925, it has now reached a level of 651,215 t, u. a. thanks to the use of new techniques (hammers, vibrating slides, electric locomotives). The opening of the northern field allowed a further increase in production to 960,400 t in 1932. In 1938 the situation was as follows: 2,841 employees extracted 1.42 million t of coal from the saddle and Ruda seams; Longwall mining with backfacing and the two production shafts Prittwitz and Mauve had depths of 645 m and 533 m respectively.
During the Second World War, the mine remained in the possession of the "Bergwerksgesellschaft Georg von Giesches Erben" in Breslau. During this time - as on many other plants - not only civilian miners but also prisoners of war had to do their work. A source cites a number of 472 prisoners of war compared to 2959 civilians for 1943, but says nothing about the composition and voluntary nature of the latter group.
CHP Rozbark
After the Second World War , the mine was nationalized and assigned to the Bytomskie Zjednoczenie Przemysłu Węglowego coal industry. It was named Rozbark (from 1999 Bytom II ), the Prittwitz , Mauve and Römhild shafts were named Stalmach , Bonczyk and Lompy .
On January 1, 1971, it was merged with the Łagiewniki mine , and in 2002 it was closed.
present
With the exception of the Barbara weather shaft (formerly Gerhard ) and the machine house of the Bonczyk shaft , almost all the daytime facilities have now been demolished. Parts of the remaining stocks are extracted from the Piekary mine .
Funding figures
| year | Delivery rate in tons |
|---|---|
| 1906 | 574,966 |
| 1913 | 838.970 |
| 1938 | 1,560,000 |
| 1970 | 1,300,000 |
| 1979 | 2,070,000 |
sports ground
The game and sports club Beuthen 09 played its home games on the Heinitzgrube sports field until 1939.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska. 2015, p. 177
- ↑ Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska. 2015, p. 178.
- ↑ Yearbook of the Upper Mining District, p. 267
- ↑ a b The Silesian Mines 1938, p. 11
- ↑ a b Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska. 2015, p. 179.
- ↑ Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska. 2015, p. 180
- ↑ King. Hard coal mining 1945–1955, p. 116
literature
- Jerzy Jaros: Słownik historyczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich. Katowice 1984.
- Yearbook for the Upper Mining District Wroclaw . Phönix-Verlag, Kattowitz / Breslau / Berlin 1913, digitized version at http://www.dbc.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication?id=3349&tab=3 (last accessed on July 17, 2018).
- Kurt König: The coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955. Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe . Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
- Prussian Mining Authority in Breslau (ed.): The Silesian Mines 1938 . Publishing house NS-Druckerei, Breslau.
- Damian Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska na dawnej fotografii . Muzeum w Gliwicach 2015.
Map with all coordinates: Web links
- 43 seam maps (sic) of the Upper Silesian coal basin as JPG files, the field boundaries, seams and shafts according to the inventory from 1902, published by the "Verlag von Priebatsch's Buchhandlung, Breslau" (accessed on July 17, 2018)