Ciumeşti helmet

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Ciumeşti helmet
Celtic Helmet from Satu Mare, Romania.jpg
Information
Weapon type: Protective weapon
Designations: Ciumeşti helmet
Use: Ceremonial helmet
Working time: around 400 BC Chr.
Region of origin /
author: 		Romania
Lists on the subject

The helmet from Ciumeşti was found on August 10, 1961 in Ciumeşti , Romania by farmer J. Ludenherr while building a stable in the Malomháta / Moara corridor, Grajduri won. The helmet is now kept in the National Museum of the History of Romania in Bucharest . The other finds are in the museums of Baia Mare and Satu Mare .

Finding

The grave of the La Tène period lay in an almost round pit under a dune. The dead man's body was burned in the grave pit. Chain armor with decorated bronze disks and two Greek bracers were also found. Upon further investigation, an iron belt made of chain links, a bridle and two vessels turned up. The finds belong to the Lt C1 level.

Site of the Ciumeşti helmet

description

The helmet is made of iron , the helmet bell is hemispherical and consists of a single sheet of bronze that was driven into the shape of a helmet . Cheek flaps are riveted on the left and right sides. There are thick decorative bronze rivets on the cheek flaps and the sides of the helmet .

On the helmet there is a stylized figure of a raven . It is carefully worked out. The feathers and the wings as well as the beak and the eyes are carved in bronze in detail. The bird's eyes are made of ivory . A red enamel insert serves as the pupil . These inserts are glued with bitumen in the eye sockets. The bird has a wingspan of 230 mm and a length of 330 mm. The legs of the bird, its underside and the cylinder on which it sits, unlike the other parts of the bird's body, are not driven but cast .

literature

  • Tiberius Bader: My encounters with the Celtic princes: using the example of the princely tombs of Ciumeşti and Hochdorf - 50 years since the princely grave of Ciumeşti was discovered. In: Sándor Berecki (ed.): Iron Age Rites and Rituals in the Carpathian Basin. Proceedings of the International Colloquium from Târgu Mureș, 7–9 October 2011 . Editura MEGA, Târgu Mureș 2012, pp. 279–292.
  • Thracians and Celts on both sides of the Carpathian Mountains. Celtic Museum Hochdorf, Eberdingen 2001, pp. 88–89, No. 135–146.
  • John T. Koch (Ed.): Celtic culture. A historical encyclopedia. Volume 2: Celto - F. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara CA et al. 2006, ISBN 1-85109-440-7 , p. 448.
  • M. Rusu: The Celtic princely grave of Ciumeşti in Romania. In: Report of the Roman-Germanic Commission. Volume 50, 1969, pp. 267-300.
  • Christof Clausing: Late Bronze and Iron Age helmets with one-piece domes. In: Yearbook of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum Mainz . Volume 48, Part 1, 2003, pp. 199-225, here p. 219 ( online ).
  • Ion Miclea, Radu Florescu: The column. Publishing House Dacia, Cluj 1971, p. 79.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Aurel Rustoiu: Ciumeşti. In: Susanne Sievers, Otto H. Urban, PC Ramsl (Ed.): Lexicon for Celtic Archeology. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2012, Volume 1, p. 358.
  2. ↑ Aurel Rustoiu: Ciumeşti. In: Susanne Sievers, Otto H. Urban, PC Ramsl (Ed.): Lexicon for Celtic Archeology. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2012, Volume 1, p. 358.
  3. ^ Paul Lachlan MacKendrick: The Dacian Stones Speak. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill et al. 2000, ISBN 0-8078-4939-1 , pp. 51 f.

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