Club tetra

Club tetra
Hemiodus sp. at the Berlin Aquarium .
Systematics
Overcohort : Clupeocephala Cohort : Otomorpha Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi Otophysa Order : Tetras (Characiformes) Family : Club tetra
Scientific name
Hemiodontidae
Bleeker , 1859

Club tetra (Hemiodontidae) live with almost 30 species in five genera in northern and central South America , south to the Río Paraná and the Río Paraguay .

features

Club tetra are slim, nimble, 7 to 30 centimeters long schooling fish. Your body is spindle-shaped. The caudal fin is always deeply cut. Usually an adipose fin is present. The mouth is often slightly below. The lower jaw of adult club tetra is toothless or the teeth are reduced. Most species show a round, black spot on the sides of the body and a black bar on the lower caudal fin lobe. The number of vertebrae is 40 to 45. Among the club tetra there are herbivores, upbringing eaters and omnivores.

• Fin formula : pectorals 18–23, ventral 9–11.
• Scale formula : SL 50–125.

Species of the subfamily Hemiodontinae live in open water, the species of the subfamily Anodinae live near the ground.

As aquarium fish, they need a larger tank. They need a lot of oxygen and are very sensitive to being caught.

Internal system

Anodus elongatus

Bivibranchia protractila

Hemiodus cf. gracilis

Hemiodus unimaculatus

• Club tetra family (Hemiodontidae)
  • Subfamily Anodinae
    • Genus Anodus Cuvier, 1829
      • Anodus elongatus Agassiz, 1829
      • Anodus orinocensis (Steindachner, 1887)
    • Genus Micromischodus Roberts, 1971
      • Micromischodu sugillatus Roberts, 1971
  • Subfamily Hemiodontinae
    • Bivibranchiini tribe
      • Genus Bivibranchia Eigenmann, 1912
        • Bivibranchia bimaculata Vari, 1985
        • Bivibranchia fowleri (Steindachner, 1908)
        • Bivibranchia notata Vari & Goulding, 1985
        • Bivibranchia simulata Géry, Planquette & Le Bail, 1991
        • Bivibranchia velox (Eigenmann & Myers, 1927)
      • Genus Argonectes Bählke & Myers, 1956
        • Argonectes longiceps (Kner, 1858)
        • Argonectes robertsi Langeani, 1999
    • Tribe Hemiodontini
      • Genus Hemiodus Müller, 1842
        • Hemiodus amazonum (Humboldt, 1821)
        • Hemiodus argenteus Pellegrin, 1909
        • Hemiodus atranalis (Fowler, 1940)
        • Hemiodus bimaculatus Nogueira et al., 2019
        • Hemiodus goeldii Steindachner, 1908
        • Hemiodus gracilis Günther, 1864
        • Hemiodus huraulti (Géry, 1964)
        • Hemiodus immaculatus Kner, 1858
        • Hemiodus iratapuru Langeani & Moreira, 2013
        • Hemiodus jatuarana Langeani, 2004
        • Hemiodus microlepis Kner, 1858
        • Hemiodus orthonops Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903
        • Hemiodus parnaguae Eigenmann & Henn, 1916
        • Hemiodus quadrimaculatus Pellegrin, 1909
        • Hemiodus semitaeniatus Kner, 1858
        • Hemiodus sterni (Géry, 1964)
        • Hemiodus ternetzi Myers, 1927
        • Hemiodus thayeria Böhlke, 1955
        • Hemiodus tocantinensis Langeani, 1999
        • Hemiodus unimaculatus (Bloch, 1794)
        • Hemiodus vorderwinkleri (Géry, 1964)

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
• Günther Sterba : Freshwater fish in the world . Urania Verlag., Leipzig 1990; Licensed edition for Weltbild Verlag., Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89350-991-7 .

Web links

Commons : Keulensalmler  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Club tetra on Fishbase.org (English)