Henrietta Franklin

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Henrietta "Netta" Franklin CBE (born Henrietta Montagu ; born April 9, 1866 in London - died January 7, 1964 there ) was a British educator, women's suffrage activist and social reformer . She was convinced of the goals of the Parents' National Educational Union and championed the ideas of Charlotte Mason .

Live and act

Franklin was born in London in 1866 to Ellen (née Cohen) (1848–1919) and Samuel Montagu; she was the oldest of the eleven living children. The Jewish family's business was banking and philanthropy.

In 1885, Netta married Ernest Louis Franklin, a member of an Anglo-Jewish liberal family known religiously and politically. She soon became active in family affairs. The couple had four sons and two daughters. Netta first came to prominence when she helped create and promote PNEU (Parents' National Educational Union), a system of individualized progressive education that influenced English educational science in the first quarter of the 20th century.

In 1890 she met Charlotte Mason , which in the judgment of others was the most important experience and inspiration in the life of Netta Franklin. In 1892 she had opened the first school in London based on Mason's principles. In 1894 she became the secretary of the newly named "Parents' National Educational Union", and she went on lecture tours to the most important cities in America, Europe and South Africa. She put her own money into this cause and wrote scriptures on behalf of the organization. Franklin's biography attributes the continued existence of the PNEU to her.

Her sister Lily Montagu led a liberal Jewish movement in Great Britain and in February 1902 they arranged the first meeting of the "Jewish Religious Union for the Advancement of Liberal Judaism" (German; Jewish-religious union for the promotion of liberal Judaism ) in the house of the Franklins.

Franklin was one of the few Jewish women to make a name for herself in the women's suffrage movement. In 1912 she helped Laura and Leonard Franklin found the Jewish League for Woman Suffrage , which was open to both male and female members. The organization sought both political and religious rights for women. There was a feeling that some Jews were more inclined to join this group than an indefinite group of women's suffrage activists. Other members were Edith Ayrton, Hugh Franklin, her sister Lily Montagu and Inez Bensusan. The organization was generally moderate but had radical members. They were responsible for disrupting synagogue services so that they could raise their concerns in 1913 and 1914. They were referred to by the Jewish community as the "Blackguards in Bonnets" (black guards with hats).

Henrietta Franklin, however, gained widespread acceptance and became president of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies in 1916 .

After women were granted full suffrage in 1928, Franklin and her cousin Eva shifted their efforts toward social welfare and promoted welfare legislation for women. After her resignation as President of the “National Union of Woman Suffrage Societies” for the period from 1925 to 1927, Franklin became President of the “National Council of Women” (NCW), the British mantle organization for women's associations. During her presidency, the NCW had success in enforcing national laws to protect mothers and children. As a leading force in the International Council of Women , England's NCW expanded its influence on international feminist projects.

In 1950, Netta Franklin was promoted to CBE . She died in London in 1964.

Recognition after death

Her name and picture (and those of 58 other supporters of women's suffrage) are engraved on the base of the Millicent Fawcett statue in Parliament Square , London, which was unveiled in late 2018.

literature

  • H. Pearl Adam (Ed.): Women in Council. London, New York, Toronto: 1945
  • Monk Gibbon: Netta . London: 1960
  • Diana Hopkinson: Family Inheritance: A Life of Eva Hubback. London and New York: 1954
  • International Council of Women. Report, 1912-1913. Papers. Jewish League for Woman Suffrage. Klau Library, HUC-JIR
  • London Jewish Chronicle. London: 1913-1922
  • Linda Gordon Kuzmack: Woman's Cause: Jewish Woman's Movement in England and the United States, 1881-1933. Ohio: 1990
  • Lily Montagu Papers: Ellen M. Umansky Microfilm collection. American Jewish Archives. Cincinnati, Ohio

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mother's maiden name.Retrieved April 27, 2019
  2. ^ Short biography of Netta Franklin.Retrieved April 27, 2019
  3. ↑ Jean Spence, Sarah Alston, Maureen M. Meikle: Women, Education, and Agency, 1600-2000. Routledge. P. 110 ff. ISBN 978-1-135-85584-0
  4. ^ Sybil Oldfield: Franklin, Henrietta [Netta] (1866–1964). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; see online edition from May 2015.Retrieved on April 27, 2019
  5. ^ Henrietta Franklin, Jewish Women's Archive.Retrieved April 27, 2019
  6. ^ Edith Zangwill, Spartacus Educational. Retrieved April 27, 2019
  7. ^ Jewish League for Woman Suffrage in the Jewish Women's Archive.Retrieved April 27, 2019
  8. ^ President of the NCW Retrieved April 27, 2019
  9. ↑ Historic statue of suffragist leader Millicent Fawcett unveiled in Parliament Square . Gov.uk. April 24, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  10. ↑ Alexandra Topping: First statue of a woman in Parliament Square unveiled . In: The Guardian , April 24, 2018. 
  11. ↑ Millicent Fawcett statue unveiling: the women and men whose names will be on the plinth . iNews. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
personal data
SURNAME Franklin, Henrietta
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Franklin, Netta (nickname); Montagu, Henrietta (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British educator, women's suffrage activist and social reformer
DATE OF BIRTH April 9, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH London , UK
DATE OF DEATH January 7, 1964
Place of death London