High Standard Model 10
| High Standard Model 10 | |
|---|---|
|
|
| general information | |
| Civil name: | Model 10B |
| Developer / Manufacturer: | Alfred Crouch / High Standard |
| Manufacturer country: | United States |
| Production time: | since 1967/1970 |
| Model variants: | 10A / 10B |
| Weapon Category: | Self-loading shotgun |
| Furnishing | |
| Overall length: | 686 mm |
| Total height: | 24.4 mm |
| Weight: (unloaded) | 4.4 kg |
| Barrel length : | 457 mm |
| Technical specifications | |
| Caliber : | Caliber 12 |
| Possible magazine fillings : | 4 + 1 cartridges |
| Ammunition supply : | Tubular magazine |
| Visor : | Rifle sight |
| Charging principle: | Gas pressure charger |
| Lists on the subject | |
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The Hi-Standard Model 10 is an American self-loading shotgun based on a design by former police sergeant Alfred H. Crouch.
The Model 10 was the first bullpup configuration shotgun to be mass- produced.
history
Alfred H. Crouch was a police officer with the Santa Monica Police Department in California in the 1950s . Negative experiences with the service revolver at the time were the reason why Crouch preferred the shotgun . Although the shotgun offered many advantages, it also had a number of disadvantages: the shotguns commonly introduced by police authorities were about 100 cm long and thus too bulky to be used from a patrol car or to be hidden under a coat. In addition, both hands were required to use the shotgun.
In early 1957, Crouch began seriously considering improvements for a police shotgun. One-man patrol trips were common at the time; therefore it was desirable that a shotgun could be wielded with one hand so that the police officer would have the other hand free to drive his patrol car. The only way to achieve this, Crouch concluded, was to place a pistol grip on the gun's center of gravity. The center of gravity of most shotguns is just before the end of the breech block . Crouch concentrated on designing a forend that contained the trigger, safety and all the necessary parts for transmission. The butt of the shotgun would have to be removed and replaced with an appropriate shoulder plate. Crouch also concluded that this plate - pivoted - would allow the shotgun to be fired from both the shoulder and the crook of the arm.
Crouch put his ideas on paper and sent his concept to various weapon manufacturers; but his concept met with rejection. So Crouch decided to build a prototype himself. A Remington Model 58 Sportsman became the basis, even if it only had an ammunition capacity of three cartridges.
The prototype was ready in early 1959. The Remington's butt and fore-end had been removed, and the barrel shortened to the legal minimum length of 46.4 cm. The butt had been replaced by a curved aluminum shoulder with a rubber recoil pad; the shoulder system was attached with the normal screw that otherwise held the piston and rotated. The fore-end was replaced by an elongated aluminum body to which the pistol grip was attached. The trigger on the pistol grip acted on the normal trigger of the shotgun through a transmission rod. A sling swivel on the shoulder rest and on the bottom of the pistol grip allowed a rifle sling to be attached. A normal police flashlight could be attached to the left of the new fore-end by means of a dovetail mount. The prototype was 66 cm long and weighed 4.1 kg (without the flashlight).
Rudolph A. Donatelli, also a police officer in Santa Monica, was so impressed by the prototype that he provided the funds necessary to patent Crouch's design. The patent application was filed on July 15, 1959, the US patent granted on February 7, 1961 under the number 2,970,398. The patent specification deviates from the prototype: One leg of the shoulder system is longer, so that the shoulder system remained in a vertical position due to its weight.
In late 1959 and early 1960, letters with pictures were sent to Remington , Ithaca, Browning, Winchester and High Standard , which were important shotgun manufacturers at the time. With the exception of High Standard, all companies again rejected the draft. High Standard carried out a market analysis and then came to the conclusion that the expected sales would not justify production.
Crouch's concept was idle until 1964; Ed Davis, who later became the Los Angeles police chief, encouraged Crouch to resume work on his weapon. Crouch revised his design again: in 1965 he abandoned the Remington Model 58 as a basis and turned to the High Standard Supermatic. The aluminum body was replaced by a two-part plastic housing with an integrated handle and a lamp at the top; a rudimentary rifle sight sat on top of the lamp housing. Furthermore, Crouch developed a magazine extension that increased the ammunition capacity to 7 rounds.
The High Standard Corporation started a research and development program for a police shotgun in late 1964; The program was initiated and directed by William J. Donovan, who was Deputy Sales Director at High Standard.
As the unrest in the United States increased, police authorities began to increase their armament. A new market analysis confirmed that there was a market for Crouch's concept that would justify production.
At a meeting to which Crouch brought his 1959 prototype and the draft of the 1965 prototype, it was agreed that the High Standard Corporation would provide a Supermatic shotgun and that Crouch would manufacture all of the conversion parts.
The new housing was made in two parts from glass fiber reinforced plastic by SETCO, a plastics processing company in Los Angeles . This prototype, known as “fiberglass”, had a total length of 66 cm, a barrel length of 46.4 cm and weighed 4 kg. The prototype was then subjected to extensive testing at High Standard. The tests were successful but indicated that some minor changes were needed.
At the end of 1966 the work was completed and the facility for manufacturing began. Crouch was granted U.S. Patent 3,488,488 on May 18, 1967, which covered the amendments. However, four components included in the patent were initially not implemented in production: a detachable lamp, a hinged open sight, a magazine extension and the attachment required for this.
In June 1967 the gun came on the market as "Model 10, Series A, Police Shotgun".
Three years later, in August 1970, a new version appeared: the "Model 10, Series B, Police Shotgun". The new version included a number of changes, largely based on feedback from law enforcement agencies who had experience with the Model 10A.
Model variants
Model 10A
The Model 10A is a shooting gas pressure gun in caliber 12 ; 12/70 and 12/76 cartridges can be fired. The tube magazine located under the barrel holds 4 cartridges. The housing is made of black glass fiber reinforced plastic. The cocking lever is on the right side of the weapon, the loading opening on the bottom. The shoulder system can be rotated, but is held in position by a spring. The light cone of the integrated lamp was adjusted so that it was congruent with the scattering circle of the shotgun at a distance of around 30 m. A rotating ring on the lamp served as a switch.
Model 10B
The Model 10B is slightly heavier than the Model 10A (4.4 kg). The lamp is removable and offset slightly to the left of the long axis of the shotgun. The handle is not an integral part of the housing, but can be folded down. The base of the handle also serves as a front sight for the rifle sight and holder for the lamp. At the mouth there is a grain that can be folded backwards. In addition to the cocking lever on the right side of the weapon, the Model 10B has a cocking lever on the left side of the weapon so that the shooter can hold the pistol grip with his right hand and cock the weapon with his left.
literature
Thomas F. Swearengen: "The World's Fighting Shotguns", TBN Enterprises, Alexandria, VA, USA, 1978.